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Psych 101

vocab ch 7 -Study Guides 4

QuestionAnswer
fetal alcohol syndrome resulting in a range of severe effects including mental retardation and facial abnormalities
schemes/schemas Piaget's term-framework for our knowledge about people, objects, events / action
assimilation interpretation of new experiences in term of present schemas
accomodation modification of present schemas to fit w/ new experiences
sensorimotor stage Piaget's theory-cognitive development birth to about age 2. infants learn world through their sensory
object permanence object exists independent of perceptual contact with it
preoperational stage Second stage -Piaget's theory: cognitive development, from age 2 to 6, during child's thinking becomes more symbolic
egocentrism distinguish one's own perceptions, thoughts, and feelings from those of others
conservation properties of objects (mass and number) remain the same despite change in appearance
reversibility knowledge - reversing a transformation & conditions that existed before the transformation
concrete operational stage Third stage-Piaget's theory: cognitive development, age 6 to 12. Children gain a fuller understanding of conservation (think logically, only concrete events
formal operational stage Last stage-Piaget's theory: cognitive development, age 12 or so, child gains the capacity & hypothetical - deductive thought
preconventional level of moral reasoning avoiding punishment and looking out for your own welfare and needs
conventional level of moral reasoning social rules and law
postconventional level of moral reasoning self-chosen universal ethical principles (human rights taking precedence over laws) avoidance of self-condemnation for violating such principles
attachment emotional bond between infants & mothers other caregivers that happened the first six months of life
trust vs. mistrust infants learn that they can or cannot trust others to take care of their basic needs
autonomy vs. shame and doubt children learn to be self-sufficient, if restrained too much they learn to doubt their abilities and feel shame
initiative vs. guilt children learn to assume more responsibility by taking initiative but will feel guilty if they overstep limits set by parents
industry vs. inferiority children learn to be competent by mastering new intellectual, social, and physical skills or feel inferior if they fail to develop these skills
identity vs. role confusion adolescents develop a sense of identity by experimenting with different roles. No role experimentation may result in role confusion
intimacy vs. isolation young adults form intimate relationships with other or become isolated because of a failure to do so
generativity vs. stagnation middle-aged adults feel they are helping the next generation through their work and child rearing, stagnate b/c they feel that they are not helping
integrity vs. despair asses their lives and develop a sense of integrity if they find their lives have been meaningful, sense of despair if their lives do not seem meaningful
Identify the correct order and approximate ages associated with Piaget and Erikson’s stages. Erikson's stages- Trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs role confusion, intimacy vs isolation, generativity vs stagnation, integrity vs despair.
Match the following theorist with his theory:Piaget,Kohlberg,Harlow,Erikson Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development, Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning, Harlow attachment issues, Erikson's psychosocial stage theory of development
Created by: mccannal
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