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Biology Exam 1
Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | The smallest particles of an element |
| Proton | Positive Charge |
| Neutron | Neutral Charge |
| Electron | Negative Charge |
| Nucleus | Center core of an atom |
| Atomic number | identity of the element |
| Atom mass | Mass of the atom of different element |
| Isotopes | Same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
| Energy Level | a constant value of energy in the distribution of energies among a number of atomic particles |
| Intelligent Design | intelligent entity |
| Panspermia | outer space birth earth |
| Spontaneous | nonliving matter |
| Valence Shell | Outer shell of an atom |
| Ion | an atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charge as a result of having lost or gained one or more electrons |
| Chemical bond | an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms |
| Ionic bond | A form when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom |
| Oxidation | Any chemical reaction in which a material gives up electrons, as when the material combines with oxygen |
| Emergent Properties | It's the property where living things become more and more complex as it goes from cellular level to organ system |
| Covalent bond | A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electrons, especially pairs of electrons, between atoms |
| Non-Polar covalent bond | are a type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other |
| Polar covalent bond | a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms |
| Hydrogen bond | A chemical bond in which a hydrogen atom of one molecule is attracted to an electronegative atom, especially a nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom, usually of another molecule |
| Passive transport | A kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient, which means movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Diffusion | the process whereby particles of liquids, gases, or solids intermingle as the result of their spontaneous movement caused by thermal agitation and in dissolved substances move from a region of higher to one of lower concentration |
| Osmosis | the scientific process of transferring fluid between molecules |
| Facilitated diffusion | the process of spontaneous passive transport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins |
| Active transport | The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction opposite that of diffusion, that is, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration |
| Endocytosis | the transport of solid matter or liquid into a cell by means of a coated vacuole or vesicle (distinguished from exocytosis) |
| phagocytosis | A process of a cell actively engulfing other cells or food particles |
| pinocytosis | the uptake of fluid and dissolved substances by a cell by invagination and pinching off of the cell membrane |
| Receptor mediated endocytosis | It means that inside of the cellular membrane there are specific proteins that are exposed to the fluids outside of the cell called the extracellular fluid |
| Exocytosis | a process by which a cell transports secretory products through the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane |
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entrysam
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