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Operating Systems
Chapter 7 Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Directory | A service that Microsoft developed for Windows domain networks and is included in most Windows Server operating systems as a set of processes and services |
| Administrator Account | A local account designed to allow full control of the operating system. Built-in Administarator account is created by default |
| Answer File | A file containing information which Windows requires for an unattended installation. |
| Batch File | A file containing a series of OS commands. |
| Boot Loader Menu | A startup menu that gives the user a choice of which OS to load. |
| Certificate of Authenticity | Usually a sticker, placed on the device which identifies the Windows Version, and product key for versions older than Windows 8. |
| Clean Install | Over-writes existing operating system and applications. Normally used with a new or recently erased hard drive. |
| Client/Server | a network where resources are managed by centralized computers. the directory database is controlled by a Network Operating System. |
| Compatibility Mode | A group of settings that can be applied to older drivers and applications to help them work in newer versions of Windows OS. |
| Custom Installation | Allows for customization of a full Windows installation. |
| Device Manager | List of all devices seen and used by Windows Operating system. Can view and resolve issues with devices, disable devices, upgrade, downgrade drivers, etc. |
| Disk Cloning | Creates an exact copy of one disk or hard drive onto a new disk/hard drive. |
| Distribution Server | a file server holding Windows setup files for installation on network computers. |
| Domain | Logical Group of networked computers that share a cnetralized directory database of user account information and security for the entire group of computers. Is a type of Client/Server network. |
| Drive Imageing | Creating an exact image of a hard drive. includes partition info, boot sector info, etc. |
| Dual Boot | Also called Multiboot. Allows you to install the new OS without disturbing the old. Allows the ability to boot into either OS. |
| File System | The overall structure which an OS uses to organize, name, and store files on a disk. (NTSF, Fat32, etc.) |
| Files and Settings Transfer Wizard | Transfers Windows settings and files from one Windows installation to another. |
| Global Account | Account used at domain level, created by administrator and stored in the security accounts manager (SAM) database. AKA domain user. account or network account. |
| High-Touch using a standard image | Windows installation strategy which uses standard installation media. must be performed on local computer. |
| High-Touch with retail media | All work done by a technician sitting at the computer. Recommended for fewer than 100 computers. |
| Homegroup | Each computer shares files, folders,libraries and printers with other computers in the homegroup. provides less security than a workgroup because any computder in the homegroup can access other homegroup computers resources. |
| Image Deployment | Installation of a standard image onto a computer. |
| ImageX | Part of Windows AIK that is used to create and modify standard images. |
| In-Place Upgrade | Windows installation that is launched from the Windows Desktop. Windows installation carries forward user settings and installed applications from the old OS to the new OS. |
| ISO Image | An image file system used with CD/DvD roms. |
| Lite-Touch, high-volume deployment | Uses a deployment server on the network to serve up the installation after a technician starts the process. files included are Windows, device drivers, and applications. collectively called distribution share. |
| Loadstate | Command used by the user state migration tool (USMT) to copy user settings and data temporarily stored on a server or removable media to a new comp. |
| Local Account | Windows user account that applies only to the local computer and cannot be used to access resources from other computers. |
| Logical Topology | the logical way computers connect on a network |
| Microsoft Assessment and Planning Toolkit (MAP) | used by technician to query computers in a network in a single scan. used to verify compatability of PC's for a Windows upgrade. |
| Multiboot | Also called Multiboot. Allows you to install the new OS without disturbing the old. Allows the ability to boot into either OS. |
| OEM License | Original Equipment Manufacturer. Only install on 1 machine. Microsoft Windows Support not included. Support comes from company that installed Windows, such as Dell, HP, ACER. |
| Partition | A portion of a hard drive formatted to a specific size. Most commonly used with installing multiple OS's onto a single hard drive. |
| Peer to Peer (P2P) | Network that is managed by each computer without centralized control. Forms a logical group of computers and users that share resources. Examples are: Homegroup and Workgroup. |
| Physical Topography | the physical arrangement of connections between computers. |
| Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE - AKA Pre-Execution Environment) | A bootable Windows Installation stored on a server in the network. |
| Product Activation | Required by Microsoft to verify the validity of the Windows Operating System installed on the device. Activation time varies from 3 - 30 days, depending on OS version. |
| Programs And Features | List of all installed applications in Windows. gives the ability to uninstall or modify applications. Can view and change features of a Windows OS. |
| Pull Automation | an installation that requires a user to start the installation. |
| Push Automation | An installation that a server automatically pushes the installation to a computer when a user is not likely to be sitting at the computer. |
| Remote Network Installation | an automated installation where no user intervention is required. |
| Scanstate | a command used by the USMT to copy user settings, applications, and data from an old computer to a server or removable media. |
| Setup BIOS | Used to change Motherboard settings. Used to enable or disable a device on the motherboard, Ex. network port, video port, usb ports. |
| System BIOS | Basic Input-Output System. Contains instructions for running essential hardware devices before an operating system is started. |
| Unattended Installation | Technician not required to respond to prompts by setup program after Installation begins. |
| Upgrade Paths | qualifying OS required by Microsoft to perform an in-place upgrade. |
| User State Migration Tool (USMT) | |
| Virtual Machine (VM) | Software that simulates the hardware of a physical computer. Can install and run multiple Operating Systems at the same time on a PC. |
| Windows 7 Enterprise | Includes additional features over Professional. Bitlocker and multipule languages |
| Windows 7 Home Premium | Most Common version. Similar to Home Basic includes additional features. |
| Windows 7 Professional | Intended for business users. Multipule site licensing (Volume Licensing) available |
| Windows 7 Starter | 32Bit only, intended for netbooks or in developing nations. |
| Windows 7 Ultimate | Has all features of Windows 7. Single license purchase only. |
| Windows Automated Installation Kit (AIK) | Contains a group of tools used to deploy Windows in a large organization and contains the USMT. |
| Windows Easy Transfer | Windows tool used to transfer user data from an older OS to new OS. |
| Windows Preinstallation Enviroment (Windows PE) | a Minimum operating system used to start the installation. is included in Windows AIK and can be installed on a USB flash drive CD, or DVD Disk to make the device bootable. |
| Windows Vista Business | Designed for Business users, includes support for a domain, group policy, and encrypted file system. consumer features such as movie maker are NOT included. |
| Windows Vista Enterprise | Edition that expands on Vista Business. Adds security features such as BitLocker. |
| Windows Vista Home Basic | Vista edition designed for low cost home systems that don't require full security and network features. does not include Aero Glass. |
| Windows Vista Home Premium | Edition that includes more features than Home Basic. Includes Aero Glass, DVD maker, Media center, Sideshow, and backups. |
| Windows Vista Starter | Edition with the most limited features. intended for use in developing nations. |
| Windows Vista Ultimate | Edition that contains all features of Windows Vista. Multiple licensing not available. |
| Windows XP Home | does not include Remote desktop, multi-languages, roaming profiles, and support for high-end CPU's. |
| Windows XP Professional | includes Remote Desktop, roaming profiles, multi-languages, and enhanced security features. |
| Windows XP Media Center | An enhanced version of XP Pro. Includes support for digital entertainment hardware. |
| Windows XP Professional 64bit | can support up to 128gb memory, |
| Windows XP Tablet PC | Edition designed for Notebooks and tablet PC's. |
| Windows XP Mode | A Windows XP Enviroment installed in Windows 7 that can be used to support older applications. |
| Workgroup | Each computer maintains a list of users and their rights on that particular PC. the computer allows access to local resources based on the rights that have been given. |
| Zero-Touch, High-Volume Deployment | Does not require user to start the installation process. uses Push automation. server pushes the installation to a computer when a user is not likely to be sitting at it. Installation is automated and no user intervention is required. |
| Windows 7 Home Basic | Limited Features, Only available and activated in under-developed countries. |
| Full Retail License | Full version of Windows. Can be used to upgrade an existing installation or perform a clean install. Previous version of Windows is not needed. Contains 32 and 64bit versions. Can be purchased online or in a physical store. Has full Microsoft Support. |
| Upgrade Retail License | Used to upgrade an installed version of Windows. Contains 32 and 64bit versions. can be purchased from physical store or online download. Has full Microsoft Support. |
| Windows Upgrade Advisor | Verifies software and hardware compatibility of current Windows installation to the desired version of Windows.offers patches or fixes for a program or device so it can work with the newer version. |
| Startup BIOS | Starts the computer and finds a boot device (hard drive, cd/dvd drive) that contains an operating system. Then turns the startup process over to the OS. |
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