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Respiratory Phys 6

WVSOM -- Gas Transport in the Blood

QuestionAnswer
What are the general hemodymamic characteristics of the pulmonary circulation? low pressure, high flow, low resistance
How does an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure reduce pulmonary resistance? recruitment and distention of capillaries
How is oxygen carried in the blood? hemoglobin and dissolved
How much oxygen is carried in hemoglobin? 10.8ml O2/100ml of blood
How much oxygen is dissolved in the blood? 0.3ml O2/100 ml of blood
When does Hb give up O2? at low tissue PO2
What is the steep region of the oxygen dissociation curve? Hb gives up O2 at low tissue pressures
How is total O2 content calculated? dissolved O2 + Hb bound O2
When is Hb saturation % misleading? CO poisoning and anemia
Why is Hb saturation % misleading in anemia? the Hb available is saturated but there is less Hb available for being bound.
Why is Hb saturation misleading in CO poisoning? CO is bound to hemoglobin showing a high saturation but there is not O2 available to be bound to Hb
What happens when there is a left shift of the HbO2 dissociation curve? Hb holds on more readily to O2
What causes a left shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve? Decrease in temperature, DPG, Pco2, and H+
What causes a right shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve? increase in Temp, DPG, Pco2 and H+
What happens when there is a right shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve? Hb gives up O2 more readily
Where is the O2 dissociation curve right shifted? venous bood
What is the PO2/SaO2 in the veins? 40/75%
What changes will cause a right shift of the O2 dissociation curve? Decreased temperature, decreased Pco2 or Decreased pH? decreased pH
What three forms is CO2 transported in? HCO3, dissolved and carbamino
How much CO2 is carried in bicarb? 60%
What are carbamino? protiens that carry CO2, carrie 30% of CO2
How much CO2 is dissolved? 10%
What is the main facilitator of CO2 transport? RBC
Why is RBC the main facilitator of CO2 transport? all reactions of CO2 transport occur in the RBC
How is the CO2 dissociation curve compared to the O2 dissociation curve? more linear and steeper
What kind of partial pressure changes are needed to unload a large amount of CO2? small partial pressures
What decreases the blood from its ability to carry CO2? oxygenation
What is the Haldane effect? oxygenation of the blood decreases the ability to carry CO2; deoxygenation in the tissues helps with loading CO2
What two things explain the the actions of reduced hemoglobin in the Haldane effect? dexoygenated hemoglobin is monopolized by H+ pulling equilibrium to the right and oxygenated Hb forms more Carbamino compounds
What does the HCO3:CO2 ratio determine? pH
What is the normal HCO3:CO2 ratio resulting in a pH of 7.4? 20
What is a respiratory disturbance? when there is a Pco2 disturbance
What is a metabolic disturbance? when there is a bicarbonate disturbance
What causes respiratory acidosis? Increased Pco2
What causes respiratory alkalosis? Decreased Pco2
What will restore the ratio when there is respiratory acidosis? increased bicarb
What will restore the ratio when there is respiratory alkalosis? decreased bicarb
What causes metabolic alkalosis? increased bicarb
What causes metabolic acidosis? decreased bicarb
What will restore the ratio with metabolic alkalosis? hypoventilation
What will restore the ratio with metabolic acidosis? Hyperventilation
What is the primary disturbance in respiratory acidosis? increased Pco2
Created by: tjamrose
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