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Chapter 16
Equipment and Supplies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which graft must be obtained with a dermatone | Split-thickness mesh graft |
| a Cavitron is used for | Phacoemulsification |
| The power source for Hall's equipment is | Nitrogen |
| In what surgery would a small fragment compression set be used | Olecranon fracture |
| A permanent pacemaker operates on a pulse generator powered by | lithium |
| Air drill | Hill |
| Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery | to reduce oxygen comsumtion |
| NOT a component of a cardiopulmonary bypass system | Ventricular fibrilltor |
| Movement in a power instrument drills holes or insert screws, wires, or pins | Rotary Movement |
| The power source for the Drill is | Compressed nitrogen |
| The power source for air-powered dermatomes is | Compressed Nitrogen Air |
| Suction tubing should be processed in the following way | residual of distilled ware in lumen, steam sterilize, tubing coiled |
| The suction tip that is right angles and is used for small amounts of fluid such as in the brain | Ferguson-Frazier |
| Suction tip has an angle and is used in the mouth or throat | Yankauer |
| Each of the following steps can assist in the immediate determination of intraoperative blood loss EXCEPT | Complete Blood Count |
| When using a cell saver for autologous blood transfusion, the blood is suctioned through a double lumen tubing and is | Heparinized |
| During orthopedic surgery the suction tubing shoud be | cleared frequently |
| Which type of surgery would require several patent suction cannulas and suction often controlled by a foot pedal | Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) |
| When suctioning in neurosurgery a precaution taken is to | avoid applying vacuum directly on brain or neural tissue |
| A tourniquet is utilized | Only when hemorrhage is not controlled by other methods |
| The proper setting for a tourniquet applied to an arm is | 250-300 mm HG |
| Exsanguination of a limb before tourniquet inflation is accomplished with wraping the elevated extremity with | Esmarch |
| The amount of pressure used to inflate a tourniquet dependss on all of the following except | Depth of surgical incision |
| A regional block that uses the tourniquet is a | Bier Block |
| The tourniquet is contraindicated if | patient's circulation to distal part of extremity is poor |
| Which action drains venous blood during tourniquet application | Elevate extremity BEFORE tightening tourniquet |
| At what point should the surgeon be informed of the time of tourniquet application | After 1hr, then every 15min |
| When would the use of Esmarch be contrindicated | Patient has had recent injury Patient has had recent cast |
| Which agent is NOT used to inflate a pneumatic tourniquet | Nitrous oxide |
| A precaution necessary when using a pneumatic tourniquet is | Solution must be prevented from pooling under tourniquet |
| In which procedure would a tourniquet be contrindicated | Gangrenous toe amputation |
| The following statement regarding a grounding plate for electrosurgery is not true | The plate must be placed directly over bony prominence |
| A grounding pad is not required for the electrocautery in | a bipolar unit |
| The inactive electrode of the cautery is the | ground pad |
| The electrical circuit of the electrocautery when | current flows to generator to active electrode, through tissue, and back to generator via the INACTIVE electrode |
| Why must the electorcautery tip be kept clean | To ensure electrical contact effectiveness |
| In electrosurgery, "buzzing" refers to | coagulation of cessel via metal instrument touching the active electrode |
| which electrode unit provides precise control of the coagulated area | Bipolar |
| Which condition is MOST acceptable when using electrocautery | Ground pad placed close to operative site |
| The active electrode on the electrocautery is the | TIP |
| A cautery would not be used | in neck or nasopharynx surgery if nitrous oxide is used (might cause fire or explosion) |
| Why are only moist sponges utilized during electrocautery use | to prevent fire |
| Fulguration is utilized primarilly in _______ surgery | Transurethral resection (TUR) and prostate operations |
| When working in the bladder, why is more or higher electrical current necessary during cautery use | More current is needed when working in solution |
| Fulguration via the resectoscope is accomplised by the use of a ____ tip | electrode |
| A direct visualization of the common bile duct is done by meand of a | choledochoscope |
| Fiberoptic lighting is | a cool light |
| Complications can occur during endoscopy such as | bleeding perforation |
| An endoscopy procedure that does not require a sterile set up is | bronchoscopy |
| All are precautions when handling fiberoptic cables EXCEPT | cables are only gas sterilized |
| Fiberoptic cable integrity is questionable when | dark spot are evident |
| A sterilant that is used on endoscopes that is bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal in 20-30 minutes processing time is | Peracetic acid |
| Whis statement is true regarding a STERIS system for endoscope sterilization | Only one scope or a few instruments can be processed in a cycle |
| The endoscope that provies a view of the middle of the thorax, between the two pleural sacs is | Mediastinoscope |
| Loupes are used for | Magnification |
| Resolving power of an operating microscope means | The ability to discern detail |
| Which item in the optical lens system is responsible for magnification | Oculars Objective lens |
| The range of focal length of the objective lenses in the operating microscope is | 100-400mm |
| A continuously variable magnification system is afforded to the eye by the | zoom lens with foot control |
| The purpose of the "SLIT" lamp in eye surgery is | defining depth perception |
| The operating microscope that visually ploys fiberoptics for its ligth source is | Coaxial illuminators |
| Care of the microscope would include all of the following EXCEPT | Damp dust lenses with detergent-disinfectant before use |
| The purpose of the beam splitter in an operating microscope is to | coincide the assistan's field of view with the surgeon's |
| The colpomicroscope afford a view of the | Cervix |
| the procedure employing the use of a self retaining laryngoscope and microscope is called a | suspension microlaryngoscopy |
| The binocular microscope provides stereoscopic vision. This refers to | The view afforded by double eyepieces |
| Which magnifying powers are available for the microscope eyepieces? | 10x,12.5x,16x,and 20x |
| Which procedure is inappropriate when caring for optic lenses | Oil or fingerprints are removed by soaking in solvent for 10min and drying with a cotton ball |
| The OR bed may have a metal crossbar between the two upper sections which may be raised to elevate the | kidney gallbladder |
| Which item is also known as an airplane support | Double arm board |
| Operative accessibility in thyroid surgery may be aided by the use of an | shoulder bridge |
| In which position would shoulder braces be indicate | Extreme Trendelenburg |
| A precaution necessary when using the kidney rest is | to press firmly but not too tightly against body to pad well to place the longer rest beneath iliac crest |
| Chest rolls (bolsters) | Facilitate respiration |
| A laser plume is composed of | Carbonized particles, water, and odor |
| When using lasers, nonreflective instrumentation | decrease accidental direct reflection of the laser beam to another area |
| which laser emission is primarly absorbed in tissue by hemogloblin or melanin | Argon |
| The fire extinguisher of choice for a laser fire is a | Halon |
| In a surgical procedure employing the use of the laser, prep solution on the patient's skin should be pat-dried because | pooled fluids can retain laser heat and subsequetly burn tissue |
| laser surgery performed in the rectal area should be preceded by | suctioning of lower bowel to remove methane gas |
| Ebonization refers to | coating of instruments to decrease reflectivity |
| The use of each of the following items are measures employed to reduce laser-induced injuries EXCEPT | plastic vaginal and rectal speculums |
| When utilizing the laser, occupational esposure to surgical smoke via the skin, eye, and mucous membranes is best minimized by the use of | universal precautions |
| Which specialty would employ the use of a slit lamp and the laser | Opthalmic |
| The following statements regarding lasers are true EXCEPT | laser unit is in "ON" position during entire case |
| The lase used most commonly for retinal detachment, tear, or hole is | Argon |
| The tunable dye laser used to disintegrate kidney stones is the | Candela |
| A device used to correct and counteract internal bleeding conditions and hypovolemia ia a | MAST (Medical Antishock Trouser) |
| Placement of a Levin would be in the | stomach |
| The dressing used after nasal surgery | mustache |
| Seamless tubular cotton that stretches to fit a contour and is used for padding is called a | stockinette |
| which case would require the use of cottonoid strips | Laminectomy |
| An item used for padding that has smooth and clingy layers is called | Webril |
| Rectal packing is made of | Petroleum-treated gauze |
| An elastic adhesive bandage is | Elastoplast |
| A dissecting sponge that is a small roll of heavy cotton tape is | kitner |
| A dissecting sponge made of gauze to dissect or absorb fluid is called | Peanut |
| A temporary biologic dressing | Porcine |
| Which procedure would not require a pressure dressing | Hysterectomy |
| A sponge that is cotton-filled gauze with a cotton thread attached is a | tonsil |
| Patties are | moistened with saline |
| which of the following can be a supplement to a subcuticular closure | steri strips |
| A protective skin coating is accomplished with | tincture of benzoin |
| A dressing that is held in place by long structures ends crisscrossed and tied is called a | Stent |
| the smallest diameter on a French scale is a | 3 |
| a stab wound is a separate small incision | close to operative site |
| A tube placed into the tympatic membrane to facilitate aeration is the | Maryngotomy tube |
| a common size chest tube is | 30 Fr |
| what type of catheter would facilitate the removal of small gallstones | Fogarty |
| A catheter commonly used in a gastrostomy is a | Mushroom |
| which is NOT a type of ureteral catheter tip | Pezzar |
| the drain that has a reservoir creating negative pressure to facilitate drainage is a | Hemovac |
| All of the following statements are true of ureteral catheters EXCEPT that they | provide direct visualization of the bladder |
| Long-term or temporary ureteral drainage can be accomplished with a | stent |
| a central venous catheter is usually inserted into the | external jugular vein |
| which of the following is not used for URETHRAL dilation | Hegar dilators (Cervix) |
| a closed-wound suction system works by | Negative-pressure vacuum |
| why is a 30-cc bag foley used after a transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate | Hemostasis |
| the tube that collects bronchial washings | Lukens |
| Balloon angioplasty is accomplished with the use of a ______ catheter | Gruntzig |
| A pezzer is a | a mushroom catheter |
| the tree lumens of a foley are used for inflation, drainage, and | continuous irrigation |
| an image intensifier | converts the X-RAY beam into a fluoroscopic optical image |
| extracorporeal circulation refers to circulation | of blood outside the body |
| the scoring system that assesses an infant's condition after birth is called a | Apgar |
| which procedure records the electrical activity of the brain | electroencephalogram |
| an X-RAY image is called a | reontgenogram |
| Immobilization of the hip joints after surgery is accomplished by the use of | abduction pillow |
| all of the following are true of disposable chest drainage units except | aids in reestablishing positive pressure in the intrapleural space |
| which factor is not accomplished by chest drainage | positive pressure reestablishment |
| a cast applied from the hip to the head, which is used to immobilize cervical fractures is the | Minerva Jacket |
| a motorized device whose action prevents venous stasis and reduces risk of deep-vein clotting in high risk patients | sequential pneumatic compression boots |
| which synthetic mesh may be used in the presence of infection | Mersiline |
| Mersiline mesh | can be steam sterilized ONCE, if unused but not soiled |
| a common donor site for an autogenous bone graft | ILIUM |
| the patient coming to the OR with rupture of esophageal varices may have _______ in place to control bleeding | Sengstaken-Blakemore |
| Either a Foley, Mallecot , Pezzer, or mushroom catheter can be inserted for | gastrotomy |
| the risk of come biopsy are minimized by using the | CO2 laser |
| stereotactic surgery takes place in the | BRAIN |
| A blood flow detector is a | Doppler |
| a secondary video monitor is referred to as a | SLAVE |
| Which catheter facilitates the infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs | Hickman |
| Total parenteral nutrifion (TPN) | maintains patient's nutrition |
| An Ambu bag is a | breathing bag |
| A blood warmer is used | to maintain 89f-105f temperature |
| which is the most necessary item for a blood transfusion | blood filter |
| each are measures to prevent heal loss in newborn, infant, or children in the OR except | hypothermia blanket is prepared |
| a setup that would include a 1000-cc bag of normal saline, sterile IV tubing, an IV pole, and a pressure bag is | choledochoscopy (visualization of common bile duct) |
| a laminaria tent is used to | dilate cervix |
| in which procedure would be a radiant warmer be found | cesarean section |
| the C-arm employs the use of | fluoroscope |
| Equate the radiation exposure in fluoroscopy as compared to that of single x-ray | 10:1 |
| A PCA pump affords | patient-controlled pain relief |
| an example of a passive drain | Penrose |
| which drain is specifically used for drainage of bile | T-tube |
| an example of a suction drain is | HEMOVAC and JACKSON PRATT |
| What drain would commonly be used following a total hip arthroplasty | HEMOVAC |
| A water seal drainage system restores pressure to the thoracic cavity | NEGATIVE |
| When using a water seal drainage system, the collection unit must remain | BELOW the level of chest tube |
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