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Chapter 4 Terms
Terms for chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| access list | a paper or electronic record of individuals who have permission to enter a secure area, the time they entered, and the time they left. |
| activity phase controls | subtypes of security controls, classified as deterrent, preventative, detective, compensation, or corrective. |
| administrative control | process for developing and ensuring that policies and procedures are carried out, specifying what users may do, must do, and must not do. |
| alarm | an audible sound to warn a guard of an intruder. |
| antispyware | software that helps prevent computers from becoming infected by different types of spyware. |
| antivirus | Software that can examine a computer for any infections as well as monitor computer activity and scan new documents that might contain a virus |
| barricade | a structure designed to block the passage of traffic. |
| Bayesian filtering | Spam filtering software that analyzes every word in an email and determines how frequently a word occurs to determine if it is spam. |
| big data | a collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using on hand database management tools or traditional data processing applications. |
| blacklist | Permitting everything that does not appear on a list. |
| cable lock | a device that can be inserted in to the security slot of a portable device and rotated to prevent theft. |
| client-side validation | having the client web browser perform all validations and error recovery procedures. |
| CCTV | video cameras for surveillance in areas that require monitoring. |
| compensating control | provides an alternative to normal controls that are unable to be used. |
| corrective control | Intended to mitigate the damage caused by an incident. |
| XSRF | An attack that uses the web browsers settings to impersonate a user. |
| data at-rest | data which is stored on an electronic media. |
| data in-transit | data which is actively moving across a network |
| data in-use | Data which is receiving actions from an end device. |
| DLP | a system that can identify critical data, monitor access, and prevent unauthorized access. |
| deadbolt lock | a door lock that extends a solid metal bar in to the door frame. |
| detective control | a control designed to identify any threat that has reached the system. |
| deterrent control | a control that attempts to discourage security violations before they occur. |
| embedded system | a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger system. |
| errors | faults in a program that occur while an application is running. |
| fencing | securing a restricted area using a barrier. |
| firewall | hardware or software designed to prevent malicious packets from entering or leaving a network or device. |
| fuzz testing | a software testing technique that deliberately provides invalid input to a program. |
| guard | a human who is an active security element. |
| host-based application firewall | a firewall that runs as a program on a local system. |
| hotfix | software which addresses a specific customer situation and may not be available to other customers. |
| input validation | verifying a users input into an application |
| lighting | lights illuminating an area so that it can be viewed after dark. |
| locking cabinet | a ruggedized steel box with a lock. |
| mainframe | a very large computing system with significant processing abilities. |
| mantrap | a device that monitors and controls doors in a vestibule to prevent access to secure areas. |
| motion detection | detects motion, dude. |
| NoSQL | a nonrelational database type. |
| OS hardening | tightening security during the design and coding of an operating system. |
| packet filter | firewall. |
| patch | a software security update generally intended to fix a security vulnerability. |
| popup blocker | stops pop up ad windows from appearing. |
| preventative controls | a control which attempts to prevent a threat from entering. |
| PDS | A system of cable conduits designed to protect cables transmitting sensitive information. |
| proximity reader | a device which detects an emitted signal to identify the owner. |
| security control | any device or process used to reduce a risk. |
| security policy | a document describing security controls |
| server-side validation | having the server perform all validation and error recovery procedures. |
| service pack | a software patch containing all previous patches as well as additional features. |
| sign | a placard containing a warning or other information. |
| smartphone | a phone with an OS that allows apps to be run. |
| static environment | devices in which additional hardware is difficult or impossible to be attached. |
| technical controls | security controls which are carried out or managed by devices. |
| trusted OS | An OS which has been hardened. |
| whitelist | permitting only that which is on the list |
| wrapper function | a substitute for a regular function that is used in testing. |
Created by:
O'Bryan
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