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V-2.01 Dig Raster

TermDefinition
Graphics Anything on a page that is not actual text, from simple line drawings to fully active images found on the World Wide Web. The two major categories of graphic images are raster and vector.
Color Depth Refers to the number of color per pixel that can be displayed in an image and affects image quality and file size.
Compression Refers to the mathematical algorithm used when an image is saved in order to reduce the file size. The greater the compression, the lower the quality of the image.
Lossless No data is lost during compression.
Lossy Some data is lost during compression.
Portability Ease at which files are opened, modified, and viewed on computers using different operating systems, software and browsers.
Transparency The background of an image is "see-through" so that the graphic can blend into the background without having a white box around it.
Inches (in) The standard unit of measurement for US standard size papers that can work well for print. A "Letter" size piece of paper measures 8.5"x 11", which is the most common size used in printers, for resumes, and other common desktop publishing documents.
Pixels (px) The most common unit of measurement used for computer screen display. A pixel generally represents one dot that is illuminated on a computer screen, many of which make up images. Pixels lack flexibility as screen size changes.
Points (pt) The standard unit of measure for typefaces, with 1 point representing 1/72 of an inch. 12 point font is generally accepted as the standard font size for paragraph text in print.
Picas A unit of measurement for lines of type with one pica equal to 1/6 of an inch. Therefore, there are size pica's in one inch. Picas are often used in print design, as they are more easily divisible than inches, such as with the Rule of Thirds.
Resolution The amount of detail stored for an image. The higer the resolution, the higher the level of detail in the image.
PPI (Pixels Per Inch) The number of pixels in one inch. More pixels per inch means better image quality but larger file size.
On-screen resolution monitors can display an image at a resolution of 72 ppi.
Print resolution Documents that are being sent for print should be 300 PPI to ensure image quality.
The number of dots of ink or toner per inch on a printed image. The lower the DPI the less detailed the image.
Color Mode A mathematical model that describes the way colors can be represented as numbers or percentages, typically with three or four values.
RGB (red,green,blue) Assigns an intensity value to each pixel that ranges from 0 to 255 for each of the red, green, and blue componets in an image. If all the RGB values are 0 the result will be black. If all of the RGB colors are 255 the result will be white. RGB color is be
CMYK (Cyan, magenta, yellow, black) Assigns a percentage value for each of the process inks. If all of the percentages are set to 0, the result will be white. An image should be converted to CMYK color mode before print.
Raster Graphics also called bitmaps, are images composed of grids of pixels that have a fixed resolution (number of pixels per inch) and cannot be resized without losing image quality. Raster graphics are edited in paint programs. Comprised of small dots called pixels, w
Raster Commonly Used For: Digital photograph. Modifying or adding effects to images, such as filters or blurs. Effective for web design or images for print mediums, such as magazines.
Advantages of Raster: Handle small details, such as those in photographs, fairly well. Handle modifications and effects well.
Disadvantages of Raster: Resolution Dependent.
Native File Formats: editable file formats that are proprietary to specific program that generally lacks portability and is not meant to be used with other software.
Standard File Formats: file formats that can be used with a variety of software programs. Standard file formats are usually created by using the "save As" command or through exporrting. Standard file formats include, but are not limited to: .gif, .jpg, .png, and .tif
PSD Photoshop Document
GIF Graphics Interchange Format
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
PNG Portable Network Graphic
TIFF Tagged Image File Format
PDF Portable Document Format
Aspect Ratio relationship of an object's width to its high.
Cropping Removing a part of an image.
Layering compiling multiple pictures or objects together into one image.
Selections Identifying a specific area of a layer or image that allows you to move or apply techniques to only that specific area on that specific layer.
Transparency Removing the background color of a raster image making it "see-through" in order to allow the image to blend in with it's background.
Transforming Changing a graphics size or dimensions through commands such as scaling and rotating.
Scaling Enlarging or shrinking a graphic
Rotating piloting an object around its center point.
Layer Styles One or more effects applied to a layer or layer group. Effects include shadows, stroke, glows, bevels and overlays.
Layer Masks A non-destructive method which allows you to apply transparency to a specific portion of a layer with precise control.
Fill Putting a color, Gradient, pattern, or texture in to an object or area.
Gradient Filling an object with a smooth transition from one color to another.
Adjustment Layers Non-destructive layers that can be added to allow you to apply image tonal and color adjustments.
Filters Used to apply special effects or unique transformation to an image.
Clone Stamp Samples and area of an image and then allows you to paint over another area of the image with the sampled area.
Blend Modes Change the way layers interact by determine how a layer will blend with the layers below it.
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