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OAC Life Science 2
OAC 2008-2009 Life Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Given a specific division of classification, identify the term for the classification of a human being. Phylum. | Chordata |
| Given a specific division of classification, identify the term for the classification of a human being. Class. | Mammalia |
| Given a specific division of classification, identify the term for the classification of a human being. Family. | Hominidae |
| What organ of the human body contains a portion known as the Bowman’s Capsule? | Kidney |
| What organ of the human body contains a portion known as the Loop of Henle? | Kidney |
| What organ of the human body contains a portion known as the glomerulus? | Kidney |
| Given the common name for a bone of the human body, identify the anatomical name for that bone. Upper Leg Bone. | Femur |
| Given the common name for a bone of the human body, identify the anatomical name for that bone. Shoulder blade. | Scapula |
| Given the common name for a bone of the human body, identify the anatomical name for that bone. Upper Jaw Bone. | Maxilla |
| This plant part consists of a stigma, ovary and style. | Pistil |
| This part of the stamen is the pollen-bearing organ of a flower. | Anther |
| As a collective unit, these plant parts are called the “calyx” of the flower. Identify these small green leaves lying below the more conspicuous petals. | Sepal(s) |
| What phylum of animals contains such animals as octopus, clams and oysters? | Mollusca or Mollusks |
| What phylum of animals contains such animals as insects, spiders, and crabs? | Arthropoda or Arthropods |
| What phylum of animals contains such animals as fish, mammals, and birds? | Chordata or Chordates |
| To what class of mollusks do abalone, limpets, snails and slugs belong? | Gastropoda or Gastropods |
| To what class of mollusks do cuttlefish, squid and octopi belong? | Cephalopoda or Cephalopods |
| To what class of mollusks do oysters, clams, scallops and mussels belong? | Bivalvia or Bivalves |
| What name is given to a relationship in which two or more species interact and both species are rewarded with a benefit in fitness? An example would be non-symbiotic interactions between flowers and their pollinators. | Mutualism or Mutualistic |
| What name is given to a relationship in which two species interact and only one gains in fitness, while the other is neither harmed nor helped? An example is birds that live in naturally- created holes in trees. | Commensalism or Commensalistic |
| What name is given to a relationship in which two species interact and one organism gains in fitness, while the other organism is harmed? An example would be a flea which lives on a dog, biting and sucking blood. | Parasitism or Parasitic |
| What British scientist is credited with using cowpox to develop a vaccine for smallpox? | (Edward) Jenner |
| What French scientist is credited with developing the “germ theory of disease” and a vaccine for rabies? | (Louis) Pasteur |
| What British surgeon is credited with developing the method for sterilizing surgical instruments and dressing wounds and now has a mouthwash named in his honor? | (Joseph) Lister |
| What name is given to the colored portion of the human eye which contains the muscle that contracts the pupil? | Iris |
| What name is given to the transparent layer surrounding the front part of the human eye which helps the eye to focus by reflecting light? It is the only part of the body that has no blood supply, instead gathering oxygen directly from air. | Cornea |
| What name is given to the white portion of the human eye which is covered by the conjunctiva and functions by maintaining the globular shape of the eye and providing a point of connection for other tissues? | Sclera |
| In the male portion of a flower, what name is given to the tip made up of a small sac, which releases the pollen? | Anther |
| In the female portion of a flower, what name is given to the sticky tip which captures the pollen? | Stigma |
| Identify the names given to either the male portion or female portion of a flower. | Pistil (female) or Stamen (male) |
| What gland of the human body helps regulate growth and blood pressure and is responsible for the production of vasopressin and human growth hormone? | Pituitary |
| What gland of the human body helps regulate calcium levels in the blood due to its production of calcitonin and is affected by a condition called goiter? | Thyroid |
| What pair of glands sit atop the kidneys and are responsible for stress responses, including the production of adrenaline? | Adrenal |
| When Gregor Mendel made his famous discoveries involving pea plants, he was serving as a monk in what European country? | Austria |
| When James Watson and Francis Crick made their famous discovery of the helical structure of DNA, they were working at the Cavendish Laboratory in what European country? | England or Britain or United Kingdom or UK or Great Britain |
| When Robert Koch, developed the first vaccine for tuberculosis, he was working at the Imperial Health Office in this country, where he was also born. Name this European country. | Germany |
| What color are the algae known as Rhodophyta? | Red |
| What color are the algae known as Chlorophyta? | Green |
| What color are the algae known as Phaeophyta? | Brown |
| The goby and the halibut belong to what generic group of animals? | Fish |
| The bittern and the egret belong to what generic group of animals? | Bird |
| The Chinook and the Pekingese belong to what generic group of animals? | Dogs |
| What cellular organelle comes in two “types” and forms a tubular network throughout the cell and functions to transport chemicals between and within cells? | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| What cellular organelle consists of flattened sacs of “cisternae” and functions to store, package and ship chemicals between and within cells? | Golgi (Body/Apparatus) |
| What cellular structure is composed of a hydrolytic enzyme inside of a membrane-bound pouch which functions to break larger molecules into smaller ones using water? | Lysosome |
| Many baseball players undergo a procedure called “Tommy John” surgery where the ulnar ligament is replaced. After a recovery time of approximately 18 months, its structure becomes stronger than before. On what specific part of the body is this performed? | Elbow |
| Many athletes in all sports undergo a risky procedure when they damage their anterior cruciate ligament. After surgery, the new ACL is usually stronger than the original. On what specific part of the body is ACL repair surgery performed? | Knee |
| Many boxers have to undergo a procedure on this specific structure. This structure becomes damaged through blunt force to the face, and becomes detached from its organ. Identify this specific structure, which contains the rods and the cones of the eye. | Retina |
| In 1930, the Nobel Prize in Physiology was awarded to Karl Landsteiner for his discovery of this set of factors, whose positive and negative varieties are based on the “Rhesus” Factor. Identify this group, whose varieties include, A, B, AB and O. | Blood Types/Groups |
| In 1923, the Nobel Prize in Physiology was awarded to John Macleod and Frederick Banting for their discovery of a specific hormone. Identify this hormone used to control the levels of blood sugar. | Insulin |
| In 2002, the Nobel Prize in Physiology was awarded to Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz and John E. Sulston for their “discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development” and for their studies of “programmed cell death” which is called this. | Apoptosis |
| What woody, shrub-like plant of the grass family constitutes the primary diet of the giant panda? | Bamboo |
| What leafy, peculiar-smelling tree of the myrtle family constitutes the primary diet of the koala? | Eucalyptus leaves |
| Ants are one of the two small, social insects that make up the primary diet of the aardvark. Name the other. | Termite(s) |
| What medical condition is defined as “abnormally difficult, incomplete, or infrequent evacuation of the bowels”? | Constipation |
| What is the general name for a food or drug that a person suffering from constipation would take in order to stimulate the evacuation of the bowels? | Laxative |
| Used as both an antacid and as a laxative, an aqueous suspension of Mg(OH)2 in water will appear white in color. What three-word name is given to this medical product? | Milk of Magnesia |
| What American naturalist published Birds of America from 1827-1838? | (John James) Audubon |
| What Scottish-born preservationist and activist championed to save such places as the Yosemite Valley and founded the Sierra Club, one of the most important conservation organizations in the United States? | (John) Muir |
| What American marine biologist and conservationist alerted the world of the effects of DDT on the environment with her landmark 1962 novel Silent Spring? | (Rachel) Carson |
| Given its real name, identify the B-complex vitamin. Thiamine. | B1 |
| Given its real name, identify the B-complex vitamin. Riboflavin. | B2 |
| Given its real name, identify the B-complex vitamin. Pyridoxine. | B6 |
| Gregor Mendel studied genetics for 8 years primarily using what vegetable plants? | Peas |
| One trait Gregor Mendel studies with his peas was the number of peas that were round, versus the number of peas that were what? | Wrinkled |
| Gregor Mendel coined the terms “dominant”, and this opposite of “dominant”. | Recessive |
| Speleology is the study of what geologic formations? | Cave(s) |
| Lithology is the study of what objects, which form the basis of geology? | Rock(s) |
| Coleopterology is the study of what types of insects? | Beetle(s) or Weevil(s) |
| What word from the Greek is the clinical term for “Near-sightedness?” | Myopia |
| What word from the Greek is the clinical term for “Far-sightedness?” | Hyperopia |
| What word from the Greek for “Without a mark” is the clinical term for having multiple foci that propagate light in two different planes, causing blurred vision? | Astigmatism |
| What type of animal is a willow ptarmigan? | Bird |
| What type of animal is a cassowary? | Bird |
| What type of animal is a Bombay duck? | Fish |
| What type of animal is a Barbet? | Dog or Canine |
| What type of animal is a Petrel? | Bird |
| What type of animal is a gudgeon? | Fish |
| What name is given to the white part of the human eye? | Sclera |
| What name is given to the part of the human eye containing the rods and cones? | Retina |
| What name is given to the area of the retina responsible for clear, sharp vision? | Fovea (Centralis) |
| Given the phylum to which a group of algae belongs, identify the color algae the phylum denotes. Rhodophyta. | Red |
| Given the phylum to which a group of algae belongs, identify the color algae the phylum denotes. Chlorophyta. | Green |
| Given the phylum to which a group of algae belongs, identify the color algae the phylum denotes. Phaeophyta. | Brown |
| Given a phobia, tell what animals are feared by those who suffer from it. Chiroptophobia. | Bats |
| Given a phobia, tell what animals are feared by those who suffer from it. Cynophobia. | Dogs |
| Given a phobia, tell what animals are feared by those who suffer from it. Equinophobia. | Horses |
| What organ of the human body contains a portion known as the fovea centralis? | Eye |
| What organ of the human body contains a portion known as the stapes? | Ear |
| What organ of the human body contains a portion known as the duct of Wirsung? | Pancreas |
| Given its real name, identify the B-complex vitamin. Niacin. | B3 |
| Given its real name, identify the B-complex vitamin. Folic Acid. | B9 |
| Given its real name, identify the B-complex vitamin. Cobalamin. | B12 |
| Given an event in life science, give the year in which it occurred, within 5 years. Watson and Crick publish the “Double-Helical Structure of DNA” in the magazine Nature. | 1953 (Accept anywhere from 1948-1958) |
| Given an event in life science, give the year in which it occurred, within 5 years. Gregor Mendel publishes Experiments on Plant Hybridization after observing pea plants over the course of a 10-year period. | 1865 (Accept anywhere from 1860-1870) |
| Given an event in life science, give the year in which it occurred, within 5 years. The Urey-Miller experiment simulates the early conditions of life on Earth. | 1953 (Accept anywhere from 1948-1958) |
| What substance makes up the fingernails of human beings and the hooves of most ungulates? | Keratin |
| What substance makes up the exoskeletons of arthropods and the radula of mollusks? | Chitin |
| What substance is derived from beta-glucose and makes up the cell walls of green plants? | Cellulose |
| What extinct, flightless bird with scientific name Raphus cucullatus is a close relative of modern pigeons and doves was found only on the island of Mauritius? | Dodo |
| The “Great” species of what extinct, flightless bird with scientific name Pinguinus impennis was similar to a penguin and found all over the North Atlantic until its extinction in 1844? | (Great) Auk |
| What extinct bird with scientific name Ectopistes migratorius was once the most common bird in North America and became extinct when its last-known member died at the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914? | Passenger Pigeon |
| Given two traits, identify them as either recessive or dominant. Blue Eyes and Hemophilia. | Both are Recessive |
| Given two traits, identify them as either recessive or dominant. Freckles and Huntington’s Disease. | Freckles – Dominant, Huntington’s – Recessive |
| Given two traits, identify them as either recessive or dominant. Polydactyly and Tay-Sachs Disease. | Both are Recessive |
| What biome contains the highest yearly temperatures and highest yearly moisture levels? | Rainforest |
| What biome is also called a “Boreal forest” and is characterized by coniferous forests? | Taiga |
| Although generally considered to be found elsewhere, Antarctica falls into the category of this biome, where little precipitation occurs. | Desert |
| Given the common name for a bone of the human body, identify the anatomical name. Lower Jaw Bone. | Mandible |
| Given the common name for a bone of the human body, identify the anatomical name. Upper Arm Bone. | Humerus |
| Given the common name for a bone of the human body, identify the anatomical name. Breastbone. | Sternum |
| To what taxonomic phylum do roundworms and hookworms belong? | Nematoda or Nematodes |
| To what taxonomic phylum do flatworms belong? | Platyhelminthes |
| Both roundworms and flatworms belong to what Kingdom? | Animalia |
| What is the medical prefix generally used with terms related to bone? | Osteo |
| What is the medical prefix generally used with terms related to the skin? | Derm or Dermis or Dermato |
| What is the medical prefix generally used with terms related to the kidney? | Nephro or Nephr |
| This algae is covered by a plate made of cellulose. Residing mainly in saltwater environments, identify this algae, so named because each member contains two tails which beat in a corkscrew fashion to provide locomotion. | Dinoflagellate(s) |
| This algae has cell walls made of silica. Each cell wall contains two parts that fit together like a box and lid. Most of these algae contain oil, allowing them to float in water. Identify this algae that is among the most abundant organisms in the ocean. | Diatom(s) |
| This group of algae is multicellular and contain the largest organisms in the Kingdom Protista, giant kelps. Identify this group of algae, whose scientific name is Phaeophyta. | Brown Algae |
| Sometimes, different species with different ancestors develop similar characteristics. When unrelated species display similar characteristics such as these, they owe this development to what type of evolution? | Convergent (Evolution) |
| Sometimes, interaction with other plants or animals affects the evolution of an organism. Over the course of millions of years, species that interact closely often adapt to one another. What is the name given to this type of evolution? | Coevolution |
| Unless there are resources to support them, populations won't evolve nor survive. However, empty habitats won't remain empty, as species will evolve to fill them. What name is given to the process by which many species evolve from one ancestral species? | (Adaptive) Radiation |
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MorganT932
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