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CUT5 10.1

Computers: Understanding Tech 5e 10.1

TermDefinition
information system (IS) A combination of hardware, software, networks, and other components that collect, store, and process data that people in organizations use to manage daily and long-term operations and create and sell various types of products.
point of sale (POS) A term that commonly refers to the cash register system or other payment transaction hardware and supporting IS software and systems.
electronic point of sale (EPOS) A term that commonly refers to a computerized point of sale (POS) system.
distribution management system A system that streamlines product delivery and eliminates errors. It includes an underlying database, as well as seemingly unrelated elements, such as the duties and schedules of forklift operators and truck drivers.
distribution logistics A discipline that focuses on delivering products and materials.
telematics A system that combines GPS, wireless communications features, and other technologies to plan more efficient shipping routes and monitor shipment locations.
radio frequency identification (RFID) A modern warehouse technology used to enhance inventory tracking and placement (called slotting). RFID tags or labels include an integrated circuit and are able to receive and transmit a radio frequency signal.
office information system (OIS) A system that automates office work by collecting, storing, and transmitting data in a shared environment. An OIS typically provides standard operating procedures, connectivity, and electronic data processing.
standard operating procedure (SOP) A set of instructions describing how to perform a task.
connectivity The ability to link with other programs and devices.
electronic data processing (EDP) The use of computers to process data automatically, typically commercial data in a large organization.
management information system (MIS) A system that provides information that assists in the management of business operations.
decision support system (DSS) A system that uses data modeling to evaluate business cases or problems to help managers make informed business judgments.
data modeling Used by decision support systems to analyze data, building in decision factors and criteria to simulate a real-world situation.
expert system A sophisticated decision support system that attempts to model an expert’s knowledge of a topic.
knowledge base A set of facts and rules about a specific, complex application.
online analytical processing (OLAP) system A system that defines and clarifies methods of handling “what if?” questions posed to large databases, as well as to massively distributed data systems such as the Internet.
business intelligence (BI) The information yielded through effective use of online analytical processing (OLAP) systems.
executive information system (EIS) A system that attempts to bring together information from an entire organization, rather than focus on any one department or group, for strategic decision making by executives.
computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) system A system that involves the direct use of computerized systems to manufacture products, such as the use of robots in automobile manufacturing plants.
computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) system A system that provides much broader coverage than a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) system. A CIM focuses not only on the factory floor but also on the company as a whole.
statistical quality control (SQC) system A system that combines data tracking and modeling to quantify how well a factory operates, including measures such as final product quality compared with the conditions present throughout the manufacturing process.
customer relationship management (CRM) system A structured system to track interactions with current and potential customers, including building a customer contact list, targeted marketing and promotions, mobile and social marketing, and customer service and support tracking.
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system A system that uses integrated applications or modules for the various business functions that work with the data in a centralized database.
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