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CUT5 5.3

Computers: Understanding Tech 5e 5.3

TermDefinition
surfing Navigating between pages and locations on the web using the browser to follow links on various pages.
web browser A program that displays web pages on the screen of a computer or mobile device and enables the user to move between pages.
Internet Protocol (IP) address A number used by web browsers to locate specific material or a specific location on the Internet. An IP address works like an Internet phone number. A URL is translated to an IP address during the connection process.
IPv4 An IP address format that uses a four-group series of numbers separated by periods, such as 207.171.181.16. This format allows for only 4.3 billion addresses, and some of these addresses must be reserved for special purposes on the web.
IPv6 An IP address format that uses eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, and the groups are separated by colons, as in 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334. This format allows for 340 undecillion addresses. See also 128-bit address.
hexadecimal digit A number with a base of 16.
128-bit address An address format or protocol that allows for 2128 addresses, or 340 undecillion addresses. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses.
uniform resource locator (URL) A web address that corresponds to a website or page. URLs generally use descriptive names rather than numbers, so they are easier to remember than IP addresses.
Domain Name Service A system that maps the URL to the host’s underlying IP address.
domain name The part of a URL that follows immediately after the protocol and is divided into various parts. First may come format information, such as www for World Wide Web pages.
second-level domain The part of the domain name in the URL that follows the format information and identifies the person, organization, server, or topic (such as Amazon) responsible for the web page. See also domain name.
domain suffix The part of the domain name in the URL that follows after the second-level domain—for example, .com in Amazon.com. Also known as top-level domain (TLD). See also domain name.
dot-com company A web-based enterprise, with the company’s domain name ending with .com. The domain suffix .com also stands for commercial organization.
packet The unit that messaging software breaks a file into for Internet transmission. The various packets that hold the data for a single file travel over separate paths to a final Internet destination, where they are reassembled into a file.
packet switching The process of breaking a message into packets, directing the packets over available routers to their final Internet destination, and then reassembling them.
dynamic routing The capability for the Internet to reroute packets via different routes based on traffic loads. This helps make the Internet work well even with a heavy load of traffic.
Created by: softcrylic
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