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2.01 Graphic Images
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Graphics | anything on a page that is not actual text, from simple line drawings to fully active images found on the World Wide Web. The two major categories of graphic images are raster and vector. |
| Color depth | refers to the number of colors per pixel that can be displayed in an image and affects image quality and file size. |
| Compression | refers to the mathematical algorithm used when an image is saved in order to reduce the file size. |
| Portability | ease at which files are opened, modified, and viewed on computers using different operating systems, software and browsers. |
| Transparency | the background of an image is “see-through” so that the graphic can blend into the background without having a white box around it. |
| Inches (in) | the standard unit of measurement for US standard size papers that can work well for print. A “Letter” size piece of paper measures 8.5” x 11 |
| Pixels (px) | the most common unit of measurement used for computer screen display. A pixel generally represents one dot that is illuminated on a computer screen, many of which make up images |
| Points (pt) | the standard unit of measure for typefaces, with 1 point representing 1/72 of an inch, therefore text formatted in 72 point font should be approximately one inch with variation due to font designs. |
| Picas | a unit of measurement for lines of type with one pica equal to 1/6 of an inch. Therefore, there are six picas in one inch. Picas are often used in print design, as they are more easily divisible than inches, such as with the Rule of Thirds. |
| DPI (dots per inch) | the number of dots of ink or toner per inch on a printed image. |
| Color Mode | a mathematical model that describes the way colors can be |
| RGB | assigns an intensity value to each pixel that ranges from 0 to 255 for each of the red, green, and blue components in an |
| CMYK | cyan, magenta, yellow, black) – assigns a percentage value for each of the process inks. |
| Raster graphics | also called bitmaps, are images composed of grids of pixels that have a fixed resolution (number of pixels per inch) and cannot be resized without losing image quality. Raster graphics are edited in paint programs. |
| Aspect Ratio | relationship of an object’s width to its height |
| Cropping | removing a part of an image. |
| Layering | compiling multiple pictures or objects together into one image. |
| Selections | identifying a specific area of a layer or image that allows you to move or apply techniques to only that specific area on that specific layer. |
| Transforming | changing a graphics size or dimensions through commands such as scaling and rotating. |
| Layer Styles | One or more effects applied to a layer or layer group. Effects include shadows, stroke, glows, bevels, and overlays |
| Layer Masks | A non-destructive method which allows you to apply transparency to a specific portion of a layer with precise control. |
| Fill | putting a color, gradient, pattern, or texture into an object or area. |
| Gradient | filling an object with a smooth transition from one color to another |
| Adjustment Layers | Non-destructive layers that can be added to allow you to apply image tonal and color adjustments |
| Filters | used to apply special effects or unique transformation to an image |
| Clone Stamp | samples and area of an image and then allows you to paint over another area of the image with the sampled area |
| Blend Modes | change the way layers interact by determining how a layer will blend with the layers below it. |
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