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CPP Introduction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Coding | is the process of translating a computer solution into a language a computer can understand |
| High-level languages | allow programmers to use English-like instructions |
| Compilers | translate high-level instructions into 0s and 1s (machine language) |
| Interpreters | translate the program line by line as the program is running |
| Linkers | add in additional code to make the program self-executable |
| procedure-oriented program | the programmer concentrates on the major tasks that the application needs to perform Examples: COBOL, BASIC, C |
| object-oriented program | creates objects with behaviors and values to accomplish its goal Examples: C++, Java, C# |
| Event-driven | program utilizes user, system, and component events to accomplish goals Visual C#, Visual C++, Visual Basic Window.close, mouse.click, system.err |
| Syntax errors | errors in typing, punctuation, or structure of commands |
| semantic errors | outside the programmer’s control and occur at run time (file not found). |
| Logic errors | incorrectly written instructions Example: Multiplying a number by 2 Get input number. Compute calculated answer as inputNumber times 4. Print calculatedAnswer. |
| sequence structure | directs the computer to process the program instructions, one after another, in the order in which they are listed in the program |
| algorithm | set of instructions that will transform the problem’s input into its output and is a finite number of step-by-step instructions that accomplish a task Example: steps to pump gas at a self-service pump |
| Pseudocode | tool programmers use to help plan an algorithm |
| Formula | mathematical relationship between numbers 10 apples is the same as 5 apples+5 apples (10=5+5) If there are 3 feet per meter, then 9 feet = 3 meters (9 feet/3 feet per meter = 3 meters) |
| Systems development | The process of creating and maintaining information systems. |
| life cycle | The sequence of events that characterize the steps of development of things. |
| SDLC | Software Development Life Cycle. |
| Flowline | An arrow that indicates the flow of logic through the flowchart. |
| Terminal symbol | A start/stop symbol, is used at each end of a flowchart, it's shape is a lozenge. |
| Input | Data that is entered into the computer system via an input or storage device. |
| Process | A systematic sequence of actions that combines resources to produce an output. |
| Output | Data that has been processed into a useful format. |
| Repetition | A name, key word, or phrase is repeated several times. |
| Machine language | A system of instructions & data executed directly by a computer's CPU. |
| Assembly language | A programming language that uses letters and numbers to represent machine language instructions. |
| High level language | A programming language like Python that is designed to be easy for humans to read and write. |
| Logic | An implied comparison resulting when one thing is directly called another. To be logically acceptable, support must be appropriate to the claim, believable and consistent. |
| Flowchart | A diagram that shows step-by-step progression through a procedure or system especially using connecting lines and a set of conventional symbols. |
| Control structures | Logical structures that control the order in which instructions are carried out. |
| Iteration | Repetition. |
| IPO chart | Program development tool that delineates input, processing, and output tasks. |
| Desk checking | A testing technique in which the program code is sequentially executed manually by the reviewer. |
| Valid data | Data that an algorithm is expecting the user to enter. |
| Invalid data | Data that an application is not expecting the user to enter. |
| Test data | Input to test the program. |
| Comment | A note that you can add to a document. |
| Function | A prewritten formula that makes it easy to perform common calculations. |
| Std | Scope. |
| Namespace | Database of Internet IP addresses and their associated names. |
| Compiler directive | Commands for the compiler, which are needed to effectively compile the program.#include <iostream> |
| Include | A directive that causes the contents of the iostream file to be sent along with the contents of your file to the compiler. |
Created by:
Madeline_Stewart
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