click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Upper Leg
Ch. 13 and 14 Anatomy and Injuries
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Pelvis | Made up of ilium, pubic bone, and ischium bones; iliofemeroal (prevents hyperextension and controls external rotation and adduction), isciofemoral (prevents internal rotation and adduction), and pubofemoral (prevents abduction) ligaments; iliosoas (hip fl |
Groin strain | Groin= iliosoas, rectus femoris, and adductor group Running, jumping or twisting with external rotation Sudden twinge during activity RICE and NSAIDS |
Dislocated hip | Traumatic force directed along long axis of femur Hip is flexed, adducted, and internally rotated, head of femur is posterior to acetabulum Hospital, immobilization, and crutches Avascular necrosis= complication- loss of blood supply |
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease | Avascular necrosis of femoral head comon in children 4-10 Pain in groin, limping, decreased ROM Bed rest, special brace to avoid weight bearing |
Hip | Joint made up of pelvis and Femur (attached at Acetabulum), blood supply: femoral artery, great saphenous vein, femoral vein, nerves: tibial nerve, common peroneal nerve, sciatic nerve |
Hamstring | Controls hip extension and knee flexion |
Quadriceps | Controls hip flexion and knee extension |
Quadriceps contusion | Direct blow to area Pain, loss of function, capillary effusion, decreased knee flexion (depends) RICE, NSAIDs, stretching, crutches protective pad |
Quadriceps muscle strain | Sudden stretch (exc. flexion or sudden contraction) Superficial- slight pain/discomfort, possible ecchymosis Deep- pain, point tenderness, ecchymosis, spasm and loss of function Rupture- little disability and discomfort, noticeable deformity RICE, NSA |
Hamstring muscle strain | Most common injury of thigh Muscle fatigue, faulty posture, leg length discrepancy or muscle imbalance Grade 1- soreness and tenderness Grade 2- sudden snap or tear, severe pain and loss of function in knee flexion Grade 3- severe swelling, tenderness |
Acute Femoral Fracture | Generally middle third of shaft Great force or direct blow to area pain over fracture site or weight bearing, swelling, crepitous, and deformity Monitor for shock, splint, and physician |
Myotisis Ossificans | Calcifications in muscle from too much blood flow- must get removed |
Knee | Tibia, Fibia, and patella- sesamoid (extension) bones; Tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints; MCL (stabilizes medial aspect), LCL (stabilizes lateral aspect), ACL (prevents tibia from moving anteriorly), and PCL (prevents tibia from moving posteriorly) l |
Meniscus | Deepens tibial surface, provides cushion and maintains space between tibial condyles and tibial plateau (medial is C-shaped, lateral is O-shaped) |
Gastrocnemius and Soleus | knee flexion |
Leg alignment | Genu valgum- knock-kneed Genu varum- bow-legged Genu recurvatum- hyperextended |