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Speech Science

03 Physics of Sound- Wave length and resonance

TermDefinition
period of a sound the duration of one cycle of vibration
wavelength the physical distance in space one cycle occupies
Speed of sound 1130 feet per second (344 meters per second)
If a 1000 Hz tone has 1000 cycles per second, and that sound wave travels at a rate of 1130 feet per second, what is the distance one cycle occupies (what is its wavelength)? 1130 feet/sec 1000 cycles/sec= 1.13 ft (wave length)
formula for wave length =Speed of sound/ frequency of wave (aka # of cycles/sec)
What is the wavelength of a 2000 Hz tone? 1130 feet-sec/ 2000 cycles-sec = 0.565 ft.
What is the correlation between wave length and frequency? Lower the frequency longer the wave length.
What is the wavelength of a 250 Hz tone? 1130 ft-s /250 cycles-s= 4.52 ft
What is the wavelength of a 6000 Hz tone? 1130 ft/sec = .188 ft 6000 cycles/sec
What is the wavelength of a 500 Hz tone? 1130 ft-sec/500 cycles/sec = 2.26 ft
What is the frequency of a tone that has a wavelength of 2.825 ft.? 1130 ft-s/2.825 ft= 400Hz
What is the frequency of a tone that has a wavelength of 9.04 ft? 1130/9.04= 125 Hz
What is the frequency of a tone that has a wavelength of 5.65 ft? 1130/5.6= 200Hz
What is the wavelength of a tone that has a period of 0.2 ms? 1) Find frequency- 1s/.0002s= 5000 HZ 2) Find wave length- 1130/5000=0.226 ft
Resonance Is sound reflection
Echo - occurs when sound is reflected off a distant surface - the reflecting sound is heard after it is produced
Reverberation & Resonance- -occur within smaller, enclosed spaces where the sound bounces from wall to wall while the sound is being produced -As sound is reflected from wall to wall within a small room, the reflected sound enhances the original sound source
When reverberation becomes resonance -As the enclosure becomes smaller, the sound energy bounces around much more rapidly within the container causing it to “ring” -When the enclosure reaches a certain smallness, its “ringing” will dominate the sound source, reverberation becomes resonance
Reverberation makes sound seem fuller
Resonance makes sound seem louder, more intense
Low frequency notes reverbertae in what type of containers? long
high freq notes reverberate in what type of container? short
A tube, open at one end, rings best (resonates) -at the frequency having a wavelength that is 4 times the length of the tube -and at odd number multiples of this frequency
At what frequencies will a 1ft, open ended tube resonate? Wave length= 4 x length of tube Wave length= 4 X 1 WL= 4ft 1130 feet-sec/ 4 feet = 282.5 Hz Tube will resonant at 282.5 Hz and at odd number multiples of this frequency 282.5 X 1 = 282.5 Hz 282.5 X 3 = 847.5 Hz 282.5 X 5 = 1412.5 Hz
At what frequencies will a 3 ft, open ended tube resonate? 1) WL= 4x length of tube- 4x3= 12ft 2) 1130 ft-sec/12 ft= 94.17 HZ (freq) This tube will resonant at 94.17 Hz and at odd number multiples of this frequency
At what frequencies will a 5 ft, open ended tube resonate? 1) WL= 4x5=20 ft 2) 1130/20= 56.5 HZ This tube will resonant at 56.5 Hz and at odd number multiples of this frequency
What is the length of a tube that has a primary resonance of 4000 Hz? 1) Find WL- 1130 feet-sec/4000 Hz= 0.28 ft 2) The wavelength is 4 times the length of the tube. 3) Therefore .28ft/4= .07ft
What is the length of a tube that has a primary resonance of 750 Hz? 1130 feet-sec/750Hz= 1.5 ft 1.5 feet/4 = 0.375 feet
Created by: aramos139
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