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Computer Basics

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Application Software a type of software that includes programs that help people do certain tasks
Binary Code language a computer can understand; made up of a series of ones and zeros
Boot the process of starting or resetting a computer
Byte stands for a single character of data
Central Processing Unit (CPU) a silicon chip that processes data and carries out instructions given to the computer; also known as the microprocessor
Compact Disc (CD) an optical storage device that uses laser technology to store information; ready by a CD-ROM drive in a computer and can hold the equivalent of 500 floppy disks
Computer a device that can store, retrieve, manipulate, and process data to produce an outcome
Floppy Disk a magnetic, non-rigid storage device used to store data and transport it to another computer; encased in a plastic sleeve to protect its data
Graphical User Interface allows people to select text, icons, and menu items on the computer screen to choose commands and files and to start application software; makes computers user friendly
Hard Drive a storage device that reads and writes data to and from a round, rigid disk in the computer
Hardware the physical equipment of a computer; includes input devices, the CPU, output devices, and memory; the main parts are the CPU, the monitor, the keyboard, and the mouse
Headphones an output device that produces sound
Information Technology the use of technology tools, including computer system and telecommunications, to input, store, process, and communicate information; also referred to as "IT"
Input Device a device through which a computer takes in information; include keyboards, mouse devices, and scanners
Keyboard an input device that is used to type text and commands into a computer
Modem a device or type of expansion card that sends and receives information via a telephone to and from a computer
Monitor an output device that displays text, objects, graphics, photographs, video, and animation on a screen
Mouse a hand-held pointing device that controls the cursor
Network two or more computers linked together to share files, software, and resources, such as printers
Operating System the most important type of system software that manages how a computer's hardware and the central processing unit communicate, manages files, and runs application software
Output Device a device through which a computer sends out information; includes monitors, printers, speakers, and headphones
Peripherals additional components besides the main parts of the computer (i.e. printers and scanners)
Printer an output device that transfers information to a hard copy, such as paper or a transparency
Processing a basic computer function that refers to when a computer uses information
Program can also be called an application or software; a series of ordered instructions that can be done by a computer
Random Access Memory a number of silicon chips inside a computer that hold information that is being used by the central processing unit as long as the computer is turned on; also known as short-term memory, it forgets everything it knows when the computer is turned off
Read Only Memory the small bit of memory that stays in the computer when it is turned off; lets the computer "boot up" or get started; holds the instructions that tell the computer how to begin loading its operating system
Scanner an input device used to change images into information that a computer can read
Software a set of instructions that makes computer hardware work; also known as programs or applications
Storage a basic computer function referring to when information is saved in a computer
Created by: dcushing
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