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Computer Basics
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Application Software | a type of software that includes programs that help people do certain tasks |
| Binary Code | language a computer can understand; made up of a series of ones and zeros |
| Boot | the process of starting or resetting a computer |
| Byte | stands for a single character of data |
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) | a silicon chip that processes data and carries out instructions given to the computer; also known as the microprocessor |
| Compact Disc (CD) | an optical storage device that uses laser technology to store information; ready by a CD-ROM drive in a computer and can hold the equivalent of 500 floppy disks |
| Computer | a device that can store, retrieve, manipulate, and process data to produce an outcome |
| Floppy Disk | a magnetic, non-rigid storage device used to store data and transport it to another computer; encased in a plastic sleeve to protect its data |
| Graphical User Interface | allows people to select text, icons, and menu items on the computer screen to choose commands and files and to start application software; makes computers user friendly |
| Hard Drive | a storage device that reads and writes data to and from a round, rigid disk in the computer |
| Hardware | the physical equipment of a computer; includes input devices, the CPU, output devices, and memory; the main parts are the CPU, the monitor, the keyboard, and the mouse |
| Headphones | an output device that produces sound |
| Information Technology | the use of technology tools, including computer system and telecommunications, to input, store, process, and communicate information; also referred to as "IT" |
| Input Device | a device through which a computer takes in information; include keyboards, mouse devices, and scanners |
| Keyboard | an input device that is used to type text and commands into a computer |
| Modem | a device or type of expansion card that sends and receives information via a telephone to and from a computer |
| Monitor | an output device that displays text, objects, graphics, photographs, video, and animation on a screen |
| Mouse | a hand-held pointing device that controls the cursor |
| Network | two or more computers linked together to share files, software, and resources, such as printers |
| Operating System | the most important type of system software that manages how a computer's hardware and the central processing unit communicate, manages files, and runs application software |
| Output Device | a device through which a computer sends out information; includes monitors, printers, speakers, and headphones |
| Peripherals | additional components besides the main parts of the computer (i.e. printers and scanners) |
| Printer | an output device that transfers information to a hard copy, such as paper or a transparency |
| Processing | a basic computer function that refers to when a computer uses information |
| Program | can also be called an application or software; a series of ordered instructions that can be done by a computer |
| Random Access Memory | a number of silicon chips inside a computer that hold information that is being used by the central processing unit as long as the computer is turned on; also known as short-term memory, it forgets everything it knows when the computer is turned off |
| Read Only Memory | the small bit of memory that stays in the computer when it is turned off; lets the computer "boot up" or get started; holds the instructions that tell the computer how to begin loading its operating system |
| Scanner | an input device used to change images into information that a computer can read |
| Software | a set of instructions that makes computer hardware work; also known as programs or applications |
| Storage | a basic computer function referring to when information is saved in a computer |
Created by:
dcushing
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