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Computer Basics

TermDefinition
application software a type of software that includes programs that help people do certain tasks
binary code language a computer can understand made up of a series of 1s and 0s
boot the process of starting/restarting a computer
byte single character of data
central processing unit a silicon chip that processes data and carries out instructions given to the computer AKA microprocessor
compact disc an optical storage device that uses laser technology to store information; read by a CD-ROM drive in a computer and can hold the equivalent of 500 floppy discs
computer a device that can store, retrieve, manipulate, and process data to produce an outcome
floppy disk a magnetic non-rigid storage device that can be used to store data and transport it to another computer; encased in a plastic sleeve to protect data
graphical user interface allows people to select text, icons, and menu items on the computer screen to choose commands and files and to start application software; makes computers user friendly
hard drive a storage device that reads and writes data to and from round rigid disks in the computer
hardware the physical equipment of a computer; includes input devices, the cpu, output devices, and memory; main parts cpu, monitor, keyboard, and mouse
headphones output device that produces sound
information technology the use of technology tools, including computer systems and telecommunications, to input, store, process, and communicate information; also referred to as IT
input device a device through which a computer takes in information; includes keyboards, mouse devices, and scanners
keyboard an input device used to type text and commands into a computer
modem device or type of expansion card that sends and receives information via a telephone to and from a computer
monitor an output device that displays text, objects, graphics, photographs, video ,and animation on a screen
mouse handheld pointing device that controls the cursor
network 2 or more computers linked together to share files, software, and resources, such as printers
operating system the most important type of system software that manages how a computer's hardware and the cpu communicate, manage files, and run application software
output device a device through which a computer sends out information; includes monitors, printers, speakers, and headphones
peripherals additional components besides the main parts of the computer such as printers and scanners
printer an output device that transfers information to a hard copy such as paper or a transparency
processing a basic computer function that refers to when a computer uses information
program a series pf prdered instructions that can be done by a computer ;AKA application/software
random access memory a number of silicon chips inside a computer that hold information that is being used by the cpu as long as the computer is turned on; AKA short-term memory, it forgets everything it knows when the computer is turned off; AKA RAM
read only memory the small bit of memory that stays in the computer when it is turned off; it is ROM that lets it boot up or gets started; holds the instructions that tell the computer how to begin to load its operating system AKA ROM
scanner an input device that is used to change images into information that a computer can read
software a set of instructions that makes computer hardware work; also known as programs or applications
storage a basic computer function that refers to when information is saved in a computer
Created by: oliviapetrillo
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