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OT pediatrics
Childhood diseases
| Childhood diseases | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cerebral Palsy | Non progressive damage to motor portion of brain resulting in tone disorder and affecting movement and onset is before during or after birth up to 3 years | not genetic (caused by tetratogens (7-8 months) and other factors) | Hypertonic( spastic or rigid), Hypotonia (flopp), Athetosis (mixxed or fluctuationg tone), Ataxia (in normal to low tone) | Limited ability to initiate pr move through full ROM,poor ability to control co contraction, (plegias) | contractures, postura reflex mechanisms, deficits in all performance areas because of tone, 40% noral intelligence, if not walking by 6 then wont be | neurodevelopment treatments, biomechanical, adaptation includes splinting, bracing, and technological devices. , life span around 40 years, 10% of adults entirely self supporting, |
| Spina Bifida | Neural tube birth defect of the backbone and sometimes spinal chord, congenital | thought to have genetic gfactor, folic acid reduces risk, | Occulta, Meningocele, Myelomeningocele, (cyst hold nerev of spinal chord | back needs to be surgically closed, hydrocephalus, paralysis below level of defect, musculoskeletal deformities, bowel and bladder dysfunction | visospatial deficits, memory deficits, coctail party speech, | 85% survive to adulthood |
| Muscular dystrophy | Genetic resulting in flaws in muscle protien gene. -genetic diseases marked by progressive wekness and degeneration of the skeletal, voluntary muscles that control movement.(most common is Duchenne | Myotonic (c19) muscle weakness, cns, (congenital-elayed sucking,swallowing,breathing motor and MR) | duchenne-2-6 yrs onset males only (x linked)-starts with frequent falling, can't get up, gowers sighn, some have MR, life span only to 20 death from pneumonia, respiratory failure, cardiac problems | (blank) | (blank) | |
| spinal chord injury | damage to spinal chord that results in loss of function such as mobility or feeling | 10,000 incidence a year moslty due to car accidents and violence | high tetraplegia c1-t4/ low tetraplegia c5-c7/ paraplegia-lumbar or sacral below t10 | high tetraplegia- no function below level of injury, c1-c3 use ventilator/low tetraplegia-c5-shoulder and bicepts but no wrist use, c6- wrist control but no hand use, c7t1-dexterity problems and no function below this spinal level/hand not affec at lumbar | c7-independent with adaptations--leading cause of death is pnemonia, pulmonary emboli, septicema | ((paralysis and loss ofo sensation below level of leision |
| juvenile rhumatoid arthritis | inflammation involving the joints that may last for a minimum of 6= consecutive weeks( thought to be an autoimmune disease) | (blank) | polyartricular (5 or more joints- female)painful swelling/Systemic JRa associated with fever and anemia/spondylo arthropathy(males)-early assymetrical involvement of large joints | avoid moving, joint contractures, tense rigid, tutoring, | (blank) | splinting during flare ups,excersize and prevent deformity, joint protection |
| prematurity | small for gestation agebron before 37 weeks, one month or more early | multiple fetuses, teenage pregnancy, smoking, diabetes, infections, 11% of all births are preme | (blank) | child appears apathetic, periods of apnea, waxy covering and fine body hair,not enough strength for feeding | (PVL)(periventricular leukomalacia), infection, bleeding, hemorhage, jaundice | high chance of LD |
| osteogenisis imperfecta | genetic deficit in which bones break easy often from little or no apperent cause | type 1 most common , mildest, type 2 most sever, type 3collagen improperly formed, type 4 3-1 | no cure, develop optimum bone mass and muscle strength, adaptive equipment, excersize-especially swimming | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| arthrogryphosis | non progessive contracture of 2 or more joints at birth(rare)more common in males | limited movement in uterou may cause abnormal dev of tendons bones and joints | amyoplasia ( abnormal dev of muscle fibers)/ Cns and spinal chord can be malformed/can be genetic syndrome | limb muscle replaced by fibrous or fatty tissue/multiple joint contractures/normal intelligence | (blank) | wrst with cns involvement best is amyplasia// Splinting ROM compensation and adaptation |
| fragile X syndrome | more males than females | hypotonia, poor eye contact, speech is persverative echolailic, Iq usually moderate but females can be svere | like autistic adhd agressive anxiety and unstable mood | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| retts syndrome | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| prader-willi | hypotonia as baby, failure to thrive infancy | mild to moderate MR | temper tantrums and other behavior problems, shrt stature, apnea, | high pain threshhold, | obesity is major cause of morbidity and mortality | (blank) |
| angelman | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| fetal alcohol | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
| down syndrome | related to trisomy 21 gene | low muscle tone/ joint hyperflexibility | need to be taught stranger awareness--iq (50-60) | mild-55-60- academics grade 3-7/moderate -40-54 unlikely to pass 2nd grade/severe-25-39 basic habit training/prfound below 25-caregiver needd for survival | heart risks and resperatory problems | high risk for alzheimers |
| MR | not diagnosed after age 18/significantly sub average intellectual function- (IQ under 70-75) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) | (blank) |
Created by:
natkat
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