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Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Strands of genetic material that store hereditary information.
hybrid An organism that has two different alleles
genes Segments of DNA strands that code for a specific trait; it is the instruction manual.
genetics The study of how genes interact and how traits are passed down from parent to offspring.
heredity The passing of traits from one generation to the next.
Traits A genetically determined characteristic
genotype The genes of an organism
phenotype The visible traits or genes that are expressed in an organism
homozygous Two of the same allele, like two dominant alleles or two recessive.
heterozygous One recessive and one dominant allele.
punnett square A tool to figure out the probability that an offspring will express a certain trait.
chromosomes A DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
allele Different forms that a trait may have
dominant allele The allele that appears to cover up the recessive allele. Represented by a capital letter
recessive allele Allele that appears to be covered up . Represented by a lower case letter
incomplete dominance Both forms of the trait show through
purebred Two of the same allele, like two dominant alleles or two recessive.
hybrid One recessive and one dominant allele.
Gregor Mendel First to study how traits are passed from parent to offspring in pea plants. 30,000 plants in 8 years. Considered the Father of Genetics
genetically modified organism (GMO) an organism in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination
genetic disorder disease or syndrome passed from parent to offspring through genes
sex-linked disorder genetic disorder passed from parent to offspring on X or Y chromosome
polygenic inheritance trait that is controlled by more than one gene
Created by: lsmith340
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