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Anatomy of the UE
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Intrinsic Muscles innervated by Median Nerve (3) | Abductor pollicis Brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis |
| Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Insertion, Base of proximal phalanx, radial side of thumb Function: Palmar abduction Innervated by Median N |
| Oppenens pollicis | Insertion: 1st metacarpal Function: opposition Innervated by Median N |
| Flexor pollicis Brevis: superficial head | Insertion: base of proximal phalanx, radial side of thumb Function: MCP flexion Innervated by Median N |
| Intrinsic muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve (7) | Abductor digiti minimi, Flexor digiti minimi, adductor, lumbricles (ulnar side), palmar interossei, dorsal interossei |
| Abductor digiti minimi | Insert: proximal phalanx of 5th digit Function: Abduction of the 5th digit Innervated by Ulnar N |
| Opponens digiti minimi | Inset: 5th metacarpal Function: opposition of the 5th digit Innervated by Ulnar N |
| Flexor digiti minimi | Insert: proximal phalenx of 5th digit Function: Flexion of MCP joint and opposition of the 5th digit Innervated by Ulnar N |
| Adductor | Insert: base of proximal phalanx Function: adducts CMC joint of thumb Innervated by Ulnar N |
| Lumbricals (ulnar side) | Insert: Radial side of digits 4 and 5 into extensor expansion Function: MCP flexion and extension of IP joints of digits 4 and 5 Innervated by Ulnar N |
| Palmar interossei | Insert: ulnar surface of 2nd MCP radial surface of 4th/5th MCP Function: Adduction and assist with MCP flexion/extension of IP joints 2-5 Innervated by Ulnar N |
| Extrinsic flexor muscles of the hand innervated by the Median Nerve (3) (flexors of the digits) | Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), Flexor digitorum profundis (FDP), Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) |
| Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) | Origin: medial epicondyle inset: middle phalenx function: flexion of PIP Innervated by Median N |
| Flexor digitorum profundis (FDP) Median N | origin: procimal 2/3 of the ulna and interrosseous membrane Insert: distal phalenx Function: Flexion of DIP joints 2 and 3 Innervated by Median N |
| Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) | Origin: radius, middle 1/3 insertion: distal phalenx of the thumb Function: Flexion of the IP joint of the thumb Innervated by Median N |
| Extrinsic flexors of the hand innervated by the Ulnar Nerve (1) | Flexor digitorum profundus |
| Flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar N) | origin: proximal 2/3 of the ulna and interrosseous membrane Insert: distal phalenx Function: Flexion of DIP joints 4 and 5 Innervated by the Ulnar Nerve |
| Extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand innnervated by the radial N (6) | Extensor digitorum communis (EDC), Extensor Digiti minimi (EDM), Extensor indicis proprius (EIP), Extensor Pollicis longus (EPL), Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB), Abductor pollicis longus (APL) |
| Extensor digitorum communis (EDC) | Origin: lateral epicondyle Inset: Medial band to middle phalanx and lateral band to distal phalenx Function: Extension of MCP joints and contribution to extension of IP joints Innervated by the Radial Nerve |
| Extensor Digiti minimi (EDM) | Origin: lateral epicondyle Insert: Onto EDC at MCP level of the 5th digit Function: extension of MCP joint of the 5th digit and contributes to extension of the IP joints Innervated by the Radial Nerve |
| Extensor indicis proprius (EIP) | Origin: Middle 1/3 ulna Insert: Into EDM aat MCP level Function: extension of MCP joint at 2nd digit and contributes to extension of IP joints Innervated by the Radial Nerve |
| Extensor Pollicis longus (EPL) | Origin: ulna, middle 1/3 Insert: distal phalenx of the thumb Function: Extension of the IP joint of the thumb Innervated by the Radial Nerve |
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB) | Origin: radius middle 1/3 Insert: proximal phalenx of thumb Function: extension of MCP and CMC joints of the thumb Innervated by the Radial Nerve |
| Abductor pollicis longus (APL) | Origin: middle 1/3 of ulna and radius Insert: 1st metacarpal, radial side Function: abduction and extension of CMC joint Innervated by the Radial Nerve |
| Wrist Flexors innervated by the Median N (2) | Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and Palmaris Longus (PL) |
| Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) | Origin: Medial Epicondyle Insert: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone Function: flexion of wrist and radial deviation Innervated by the Median N |
| Palmaris Longus (PL) | Origin: medial epicondyle Insert: palmar aponeurosis Function: Flexion of the wrist Innervated by the Median N |
| Wrist Flexors innervated by the ulnar nerve (1) | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) | Origin: Medical epicondyle & proximal 2/3 of the ulna Insert: pisiform and 5th metacarpal Function: flexion of the wrist and ulnar deviation |
| Wrist Extensors innervated By the radial N (3) | Extensor Carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), Extensor Carpi radialis longus (ECRL), Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) |
| Extensor Carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) | Origin: Lateral epiconydle Insert: 3rd metacarpal base Function: Extension of wrist and radial deviation Innervated by the Radial N |
| Extensor Carpi radialis longus (ECRL) | Origin: Supracondylar ridge of the humerous Insert: 2nd metacarpal base Function: extension of wrist and radial deviation Innervated by the Radial N |
| Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) | Origin: lateral epicondyle Insert: 5th metacarpal Function: extension of wrist and ulnar deviation Innervated by the Radial N |
| Volar forearm muscles Innervated by the Median N (2) | Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus |
| Pronator teres | Origin: Medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna Insert: lateral surface of the radius Function: forearm pronation Innervated by the Median N |
| Pronator quadratus | Origin: distal ulna Insert: distal radius Function: forarm pronation nnervated by the Median N |
| Dorsal forearm muscles innervated by the Radial N (1) | Supinator |
| Supinator | Origin: lateral epicondyle and ulna Insert: radius Function: Supination Innervated by the Radial N |
| Elbow flexion muscles innervated by the musculocuteneous N (2) | Biceps, brachialis |
| Biceps | Origin: coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle (long and short head) Insert: radial tuberocity Function: Elbow flexion with forearm supinated Innervated by the musculocutaneous N |
| Brachialis | Origin: distal 2/3 of the humerous Insert: Ulnar tuberocity Function: Elbow flexion with forearm pronated Innervated by the musculocutaneous N |
| Elbow flexion muscles innervated by the radial N (1) | Brachioradialis |
| Brachioradialis | Origin: Supracondylar ridge Insert: distal radius Function: elbow flexion with forearm neutral Innervated by Radial N |
| Elbow extension muscles innervated by the radial N (2) | Triceps, Anconeus |
| Triceps | Origin: Long head: infraglenoid tuberocity Lateral head: posterior humerous Insert: olecranon Function: Elbow extension Innervated by Radial N |
| Anconeus | Origin: Lateral epicondyle and capsule of elbow joint Insert: olecranon and upper 1/4 of dorsal ulna Function: elbow extension |
| Rotator Cuff Muscles | Subscapularis, suprascaularis, infraspinatos, Teres minor |
| Subscapularis | Origin: Anterior surface of scapula Insert: Lesser tuberocity Function: IR Innervated by subscapular N |
| Supraspinatus | Origin: supraspinatus fossa Insert: Greater tuberocity Function: Abduction and shoulder flexion Innervated by suprascapular N |
| Infraspinatous | Origin: Infraspinatus fossa Insert: Greater tuberocity Function: ER Innervated by suprascapular N |
| Teres Minor | Origin: Axillary boarder of scapula Insert: Greater tuberocity Function: ER Innervated by axillary N |
| Shoulder Flexion Muscles (3) | Anterior deltoid, Coracobrachialis, supraspinatous |
| Anterior Deltoid | Origin: clavicle Insert: deltoid tuberocity Function: Shoulder flexion Innervated by Axillary N |
| CoracoBrachialis | Origin: Coracoid process Insert: Medial aspect of deltoid Function: shoulder flexion Innervated by musculocutaneous |
| Shoulder Abduction (2) | Middle deltoid, supraspinatous |
| Middle Deltoid | Origin: Acromion Insert: deltoid tuberocity Function: shoulder abduction Innervated by axillary N |
| Hozizontal Adduction Muscles (1) | Pectoralis Major |
| Pectoralis Major | Origin: Medical clavicle, sternum, and ribs 1-7 Insert: greater tuberocity Function: horizontal adduction Innervated by lateral pectoral N |
| Horizontal Abduction muscles (1) | Posterior deltoid |
| Posterior deltoid | Origin: spine of scapula Insert deltoid tuberocity Function: horizontal abduction Innervated by axillary N |
| Shoulder extension Muscles (3) | Latissimus dorsi, Teres major, Posterior deltoid |
| Latissimus Dorsi | Origin: T6-12, L1-5, sacral vertebrae, ribs 9-12, iliac crest, and inferior angle of scapula Insert: intertubercular groove of humerous Function: Shoulder extension Innervated by thoracodorsal nerve |
| Teres Major | Origin: Inferior angle of scapula Insert: intertubercular groove of hummerous Function: SHoulder extension Innervated by Subscapular N |
| Upward rotation of scapula (2) | Trapezius, Serratus anterior |
| Trapezius | Origin: occiput>t12 Insert 1/3 claivcle, acromium, medial spine of scapula Function: Uppward rotation of scapula Innervated by Spinal accesory N (CNXI) |
| Serratus Anterior | Origin: Ribs 1-8 and aponeurosis of intercostals Insert: Superior and inferior angles of scauplua and vertebral boarders of the scapua Function: Upward rotation of scapula Innervated by the long thoracic N |
| Dowanward rotation of the scapula (4) | Levator scapulae, rhomboids, serratus anterior, latissimum dorsi |
| Levator scapulae | Origin: c1-c4 transerve processes Insertion: vertebral boarder of scapula Function: downward rotation of muscles Innerveted by c3-c4 nerves |
| Rhmoboids | Origin: c7-t5 spinous processes Insertion: vertebral boarder distal to the spine of scapula Function: downward rotation of scapula Innerve=ated by dorsal scapular N |
| Scapular adduction muscles 2 | Middle trapezius, rhomboids major |
| Scapular Abduction muscles 1 | serratus anterior |
| Scapular elevation 2 | trapezius, levator scapulae |
| Scapular depression 1 | trapezisus |
Created by:
kristenOT
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