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Ch. 8 Joints
Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A site where two or more bones meet | Joint |
| Weakest part of the skeleton | Joints |
| 2 Fundamental Functions of a Joint | Give our skeleton mobility, & Hold our skeleton together |
| 3 functional classifications of a Joint | Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, & Diarthroses |
| Immovable joints | Synarthroses |
| Slightly movable joints (pubic symphysis, some intervertable and sternocostal joints) | Amphiarthroses |
| freely movable joints (most joints in the appendicular skeleton) | Diarthroses |
| 4 structural classifications of a joint | Bony fusion, Fibrous joints, Cartilaginous joints, Synovial joints |
| Fusion of 2 bones (metopic suture of the frontal bone, epiphyseal lines of mature long bones) | Synostoses |
| Based on the material binding the bones together and whether or not a joint cavity is present | Structural classifications |
| Characteristics of Fibrous joints | Bones joined by fibrous tissue, no joint cavity present, some are amphiarthrotic but most are synarthrotic |
| 3 types of Fibrous joints | Sutures, Syndesmoses, Gomphoses |
| Interlocking bone edges connected by very short connective tissue fibers. Synarthrotic. | Sutures |
| Connective tissue fibers are slightly longer than sutures. Synarthrotic or Amphiarthrotic | Syndesmoses |
| Peg-in-socket fibrous joint of the teeth | Gomphoses |
| Articulating bones united by cartilage, no joint activity | Cartilaginous joints |
| 2 types of Cartilaginous joints | Synchondroses & Symphyses |
| A bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones | Synchondroses |
| unsually synarthrotic | Synchondroses |
| epiphyseal plates in immature individuals | Synchondroses |
| Articular surfaces covered by hyaline cartilage | Symphyses |
| Hyaline cartilage fused with fibrocartilage | Symphyses |
| Amphiarthrotic | Symphyses |
| pubic symphysis and intervertebral joints | Symphyses |
| Ends of bones covered by glassy-smotth hyaline (articular) cartilage | Synovial Joints |
| Has a joint (synovial) cavity | Synovial Joints |
| Synovial cavity enclosed in a two-layer articular capsule. Outer fibrous of dense irregular. Inner synovial membrane composed of loose connective tissue | Synovial Joints |
| Joint (synovial) cavity contains synovial fluid that acts as lubricant | Synovial Joints |
| Surrounded by reinforcing ligaments and tendons that are well supplied with nerves to monitor stretch | Synovial Joints |
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ky13
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