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Plant Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| primary root found in some plants that grows longer and thicker than other roots | taproot |
| part of a root system in which roots branch to such an extent that no single root grows larger than the rest | fibrous root |
| central region of a root that includes the vascular tissue - xylem and phloem | vascular cylinder |
| tiny projections from the outer surface, or epidermis, of roots | root hairs |
| tough structure that protects a root as it forces its way through the soil | root cap |
| type of plant growth that occurs at the tips of roots and shoots | primary growth |
| pattern of plant growth in which stems increase in width | secondary growth |
| group of undifferentiated cells that divide to produce increased length of stems and roots | apical meristem |
| group of undifferentiated cells that divide to produce increased width | lateral meristem |
| lateral meristematic tissue that produces vascular tissues and increases the thickness of the stem over time | vascular cambium |
| lateral meristematic tissue that produces the outer covering of stems | cork cambium |
| older xylem near the center of a woody stem that no longer conducts water | heartwood |
| area in plants that surrounds heartwood and is active in fluid transport | sapwood |
| contains old, non-functioning phloem that protects the tree | cork |
| tree structure that includes all tissues outside the vascular cambium, including phloem, the cork cambium, and cork | bark |
| layers of xylem | wood |
| thin, flattened section of a plant leaf that collects sunlight | blade |
| thin stalk by which a leaf blade is attached to a stem | petiole |
| loss of water from a plant through its leaves | transpiration |
| specialized cell in the epidermis of plants that controls the opening and closing of stomata by responding to changes in water pressure | guard cell |
| opening in the underside of a leaf that allows carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf | stomata |
| first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed | cotyledon |
| food-rich tissue that nourishes a seedling as it grows | endosperm |
| early growth stage of a plant embryo | germination |
| the first leaf above the ground, forming a sheath around the stem tip | coleoptiles |
| wall of tissue surrounding an angiosperm seed | fruit |
| sperm cells in pollen fertilize the egg cells in the same flower | self-fertilization |
| the fertilization of an organism by fusion of an egg from one individual with a sperm or male gamete from a different individual | cross fertilization |
| flowering plant that completes a life cycle within one growing season | annual |
| flowering plant that completes its life cycle in two years | biennial |
| flowering plant that lives for more than two years | perennial |
Created by:
r0402631
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