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Org. Nervous System
Physiology Week 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the central nervous system consist of and what is it responsible for? | Consists of the brain & spinal cord. Responsible for integrating, processing & coordinating sensory data & motor commands. |
| What does the peripheral nervous system consist of? | Includes all the neural tissue outside the CNS. |
| Function of the peripheral nervous system? | Its sensory division brings info to the CNS from receptors in peripheral tissues and organs. Its motor division carries motor commands from CNS to peripheral tissues & systems. |
| List and describe the 3 types of sensory receptors that PNS involves | 1. Somatic sensory receptors provide position, touch, pressure, pain & temp sensations. 2. Special sensory receptors provide sensations of smell, taste, vision, balance & hearing. 3. Visceral sensory receptors monitor internal organs |
| List and describe the 2 types of nervous systems that are involved in motor division in PNS | The somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscle contractions. The autonomic nervous system provides automatic regulation of smooth & cardiac muscle, glands and adipose tissue, |
| What are neurons? | Building blocks of the nervous system |
| Why can neurone communicate and what with? | Neurons can communicate with each other, muscles & glands because they are excitable |
| Three characteristic structural features of neurons. | All neurone have a cell body, receptive portion & transmitting portion. 1. In most neurone, the cell body/soma is located centrally 2. multiple branching processes called dendrites extend from the soma. 3. A thin single axon also extends from the soma |
| What is the Cell body of a Neuron and what is its function? | Neuron structure is related to function. The cell body is the main nutritional & metabolic region of the neurone. Like the dendrites, it receives signals from other cells & sends them toward the ion. |
| Explain the function of dendrites | The branched dendrites receive signals coming in from other cells and send them toward the axon |
| Explain the function of Axons | The axon generates an action potential, an outgoing signal also called a nerve impulse and conducts it to the next cell. The axon is the transmitting or conductive region of the neurone. |
| Axons vary in length. Can they seen from naked eye? | Axons can be short or longer however even if they are long they cannot be seen from naked eye as they are very thin |
| Which cells are responsible for insulating myelin? | Schwann Cells |
| Explain the general function of neurone | Neurons receive & integrate signals at one location & transmit an action potential at another location. |
| Where are signals received? Explain. | Signals from other neurone are received at synapses, the junctions b/w neurons. |
| Where is the action potential (outgoing signal) generated and where is it conducted? | Generated at the axon hillock and conducted along the axon to axon terminal |
| Function of satellite support cell | Behave like a cushion, produces insulation b/w cell bodies and help neurone for nourishment. |
| Function of Astrocyte support cell | Provides link b/w capillaries & neurone. Help with nourishment of neurons & regulate ions. |
| Oligodendrocyte support cell | Similar to schwann cell in function. Responsible for myelination in central nervous system. |
| List the 3 types of neurone | sensory, inter & motor |
| What are inside nerves ? | - Inside nerves there are arteries, myleinated fibres, less myelinated fibres, un-myelinated fibres |
| Which fibres conduct signals faster? Which signal goes in and which goes out? | - The conduction of signals are much faster in myelinated fibres. - Sensory signal goes in, motor goes out. |
| Unipolar vs. Bipolar | unipolar: only one neurite extends from cell body. Bipolar: 2 "" |
| List 2 multipolar neurone and describe features | Pyramidial neuron: best & most important. Originate from cortex and goes to opposite side of body and produces movement in the body. Spinal Motor Neuron: Originate from anterior part of spinal cord and goes towards muscle. |
Created by:
meunid
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