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APCS Ch. 2 Vocab
Object-Oriented Programming vocab.
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Encapsulation | The process by which one portion of a program is isolated from other portions with access limited to a number of methods. |
Class | A mechanism used in object-oriented programming to encapsulate a block of code and/or data. |
Method | The general term used to describe a single service provided by a class. |
Interface | The collection of all methods provided by a class. |
Programming By Contract | The idea that interfaces are specified in terms of contracts wherein a class that provides a service agrees to provide particular services for clients provided that the client first provides certain data. |
Precondition | The stipulations put on the data provided to a method. Unless the stipulations are met, the method is not obligated to correctly function. |
Postcondition | A description of the results of a method invocation. |
Information Hiding | The idea that someone who uses a block of code needs to know what the code does, but not how the code does it. Promotes re-usability of code. |
Algorithm | A step-by-step process for solving a problem. |
Inheritance | A component of object-oriented programming that permits data, methods, and/or algorithms to be shared among related classes. |
Run-time Polymorphism | A component of object-oriented programming that causes each object in a system to behave in a specialized manner. |
Public | A description of data and/or methods that a class provides for use by software from outside of the class. |
Private | A description of data and/or methods that a class provides for use only within that class. |
Protected | A description of data and/or methods that that a class provides for use only within itself and any of its subclasses. |
Cohesion | The degree to which a portion of a program can be viewed as an independent entity that performs a single task. |
Coupling | The degree to which one portion of a program depends upon how another portion of the program does its job. |