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APCS Ch. 1 Vocab
Comprehensive vocabulary.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Class | A programming unit that captures abstraction. |
| State | Properties or attributes. Used to describe objects. |
| Objects | An abstraction of a class that has state and behavior. |
| Behavior | Perform-able tasks, methods. Used to describe objects. |
| Class Heading | The line of code that names the class and defines its relationship, if any, to another class or interface(s). |
| Instance | An object of a specified class type. |
| Instance Variable | A variable that must be referenced through an instance of the class. These variables define the attributes of a particular instance and are private. |
| Field | Another term for instance variable. |
| Constant | A value that cannot be changed during program execution. Specified with the keyword final. |
| Class Variable | A variable shared by all instances of a class. It is created with the keyword static. If changed in one instance of a class, it is changed in all class instances. |
| Method | A task that an instance of a class can perform. |
| Signature | The method heading. This defines the method as public, private, or protected; lists the method name; and specifies its parameters. |
| Overloading | The idea that two or more methods (or constructors) may have the same name as long as they have different signatures. |
| Visibility Modifier | Defines how a construct can be accessed. Usually applied to a method or variable. |
| Public | Visible to all users of the class. |
| Private | Invisible to all users of the class; visible only within the class itself. |
| Protected | Visible only to the class and subclasses of the class. |
| Constructor | A method whose task is to instantiate an object by initializing the instance variables. Constructors are named for their class and have no return type. |
| Default | A value that will be used instead of a programmer-specified parameter. Often refers to a constructor that has no parameters. |
| Accessor Method | A method that returns the value stored in an instance variable. |
| Modifier Method | Also known as a mutator method. A method that changes the state of an object. Usually are void. |
| Helper Method | Private method used within a class, usually used to avoid repetition of code or to break down a complicated task. |
| Parameter | Required information passed to a method so that it may accomplish its task. |
| Formal Parameters | Parameters listed in the method signature. |
| Actual Parameters | Values supplied by the client in the parameter list of a method call. |
| Explicit Parameter | Information passed in the parameter list. |
| Implicit Parameter | The object upon which the method is called. |
| Local Variable | Variable declared within a method. |
| Client | User of a class. |
| Main Method | The method in which, in an application, where execution begins. |
| Implementation | Code that defines a construct. |
| Precondition | An assertion that specifies what must be true for a method to succeed in its task. Usually written in terms of parameters. |
| Postcondition | An assertion that specifies what will be true when a method terminates. Usually written in terms of the return value or change in state. |
| this | A keyword that refers to the implicit parameter. |
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