Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
FSHN 350- Unit 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| delta naming system | CX:aΔb,c (# of carbons, how many dbl bonds, where they are) *all double bonds |
| omega naming system | CX:aωb (# of carbons, how many dbl bonds, where they are) *only 1st one |
| desaturase enzymes | 4, 5, 6, 9 |
| elongase enzymes | add carbons in pairs of 2 |
| butyric acid | 4 carbons |
| lauric acid | 12 carbons |
| myristic acid | 14 carbons |
| palmitic acid | 16 carbons |
| stearic acid | 18 carbons |
| when are trans fats dangerous? | low as 1-3% of total calories |
| first two enzymes in lipid digestion | lingual lipase, gastric lipase |
| bile salts are synthesized by | hepatocytes |
| how do long chain/lysophospholipids/cholesterol enter enterocyte? | micelle |
| how do short and medium chain enter blood? | albumin |
| chylomicron | transport of dietary TG from intestines to peripheral tissues |
| VLDL | transport of endogenous TG from liver to peripheral tissues |
| LDL | transport of cholesterol to peripheral tissues |
| HDL | transport of cholesterol to liver |
| three apolipoproteins on CM | B48, E, C2 |
| apolipoprotein B48 function | stabilizes CM in aq environment |
| apolipoprotein C2 function | activates LPL |
| apolipoprotein E function | for uptake into liver by LDL receptor |
| three apolipoproteins on VLDL | B100, E, C2 |
| apolipoprotein B100 function | LDL recognition |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia | mutation in LDL receptor or apo B100 |
| Lipoprotein lipase deficiency | high CM and high VLDL |
| oleic acid | C18:1Δ9 |
| linoleic acid | C18:2Δ9,12 |
| a-linolenic acid | C18:3Δ9,12,15 |
| if more than one double bond is present, they occur every | three carbons |
| arachidonic acid | C20:4Δ5,8,11,14 |
| EPA | C20:5Δ5,8,11,14,17 |
| DHA | C22:6Δ4,7,10,13,16,19 |
| cholesterol ester | cholesterol w/ ester and fatty acid tail |
| chylomicrons are composed mostly of | triacylglyerols |
| HDLs are composed mostly of | proteins |
| LDLs are composed mostly of | cholesterol esters |
| LDL receptor | recognizes apo B100 on LDL particles; also recognizes apo E on CM and IDL |
| Tangier disease | defect in ABCA1; cholesterol builds up in macrophage |
| two fates of glycerol | oxidized through glycolysis or converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis |
| how many ATP per beta oxidation cycle? | 5 |
| how many ATP per acetyl coA molecule? | 12 |
| beta oxidation of unsaturated FAs | for each double bond, 2 fewer ATP produced (1 fewer FADH) |
| beta oxidation of odd-chained FAs | propionyl coA-> succinyl coA *converted to glucose so this is glycogenic! |
| three steps of lipogenesis | lipogenesis, desaturation/elongation, esterification |
| enzyme in fatty acid synthesis | fatty acid synthase |
| ACC knockout mice | continuous beta oxidation; won't make malonyl coA |
| FAS knockout mice | more sensitive to insulin; less likely to get fat |
| three types of eicosanoids | prostaglandins, thomboxanes, leukotrienes |
| two pathways from linoleic acid | cyclic (cyclooxygenase), linear (lipoxygenase) |
| n6 fatty acids cause | inflammation |
| n3 fatty acids cause | anti-inflammatory effects |
| LDL CVD cutoff | >130 mg/dL |
| HDL CVD cutoff | <40 mg/dL |
| serum cholesterol CVD cutoff | >200 mg/dL |
| seven countries study | ancel, keys et al *correlation between cholesterol/fat/sat fat and CVD *inverse correlation between PUFA/MUFA |
| CRP and CVD | high CRP (inflammatory protein)-> increased risk of CVD |
| common soil hypothesis | CVD and diabetes are unrelated, but these people are prone to health problems based on lifestyle |
| ___% of CVD occurs in people w/ less than 200mg/dL total cholesterol | 35% |
Created by:
melaniebeale
Popular Biochemistry sets