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Lecture 5 IT 212
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| According to the OED, what is software? | The programs and procedures required to enable a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system. |
| According to the book, what is software? | A recorded set of instructions that control the actions of a machine. |
| You’re using software when... | you press a single button that accomplishes a predefined set of tasks (specific button to pop popcorn on a microwave for example) (Software is stored in an IC within a microwave) |
| Hardware | the physical components upon which a program executes |
| Hardware and Software are interchangeable, so | There is nothing that can be done in software that can’t be done in hardware and vice-versa, if speed of execution is not an issue. |
| Which is better - hardware or software? | listen to lecture slide |
| Determine which Microsoft OS was released for the following years 2001 2005 2009 2012 | 2001: Windows XP was released 2005: Vista 2007: Windows 7 2012: Windows 8 |
| Programs written for mainframes | * Specific to a particular application and computer (Gizmo Corp’s payroll, Not transportable) * Either very expensive or free (Expensive:specific application and user Free:Provided by computer manufacturer to assist in sale of hardware) |
| Popularity of best software is | the empowerment it gives people over computers |
| Best software gives the user | the ability to write macros |
| OS is fundamentally different than other software in that the OS is | the one program that you must have to do anything on your computer |
| All application programs require an____be installed in the computer | OS |
| Most software is now licensed, not sold. Why? | listen to lecture |
| The lowest level computer language is | machine language (Each machine language instruction comprises a series of bits. Machine language is what the computer understands.) |
| Higher than machine language is | assembly language (It uses simple commands to provide step-by-step instructions to the CPU It has a one-to-one correspondence with machine language instructions It is a human understandable version of machine language) |
| Languages that are at a higher level than assembly language include | C and Java (They allow programmers to write sophisticated instructions that are easily understandable by humans) |
| Java is a very popular language because programs written in Java can... | work with any OS as opposed to programs written in C |
| At the highest level are languages such as | BASIC, Visual Basic and DOS Batch |
| Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) | Systems Planning and Selection to Systems Analysis to Systems Design to System Implementation and Operation then back to Systems Planning and Selection |
| Systems Planning and Selection | Analyze and arrange organization’s information needs, identify and describe potential project, determine system scope, and provide a business case for continuing with the project |
| Feasibility Analysis | determine economic and organizational impact of the system |
| Systems Analysis | Thorough study of organization’s current system and processes, determination of system requirements, structuring requirements, generate alternative design strategies. Use of UML for system modeling Goal: describe what needs to be done |
| Systems Design | Translating alternative solution generated by analysis phase into detailed logical and physical system specifications. Goal: identify how the task will be accomplished |
| Logical design: | not tied to any hardware or software platform |
| Physical design: | specific programming languages, databases, architectures |
| System Implementation and Operation | Information system is coded, tested, and installed, and undergoes periodic corrections and enhancements Goal: provide a fully operational system |
| A linear progression from phase to phase and encourages rigid project milestones between each phase | The Waterfall Model (a software equivalent of a game of snakes and ladders. Some say it is inflexible Better suited for larger projects) |
Created by:
chipotlefan
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