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Objective 2.01
Graphic Images
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Graphics | Anything on the page that is not actual text, from simple line drawings to fully active images found on the World Wide Web. |
| Color Depth | The number of colors per pixel that can be contained in an image. |
| Compression | Refers to how an image is saved in order to reduce the file size. |
| Lossless | Reduces the file size without losing any pixel data. |
| Lossy | Alters and/or eliminates some data. |
| Portability | How easily you can open, modify, and view the files on computers using different operating systems, software and browsers. |
| Transparency | Allows the background color of an image to be "eliminated" or made transparent so that the background behind the image can be seen. |
| Raster Graphics | Also called bitmap graphics. Consists of grids of tiny dots called pixels. Have a fixed resolution and can't be resized without altering the image quality. Edited in paint programs. |
| Vector Graphics | Created from mathematical formulas used to define lines, curves, and nodes. (Drawing Points) Edited in draw programs. |
| Meta Graphics | Can contain vector and raster data. Useful when layering text on top of raster graphics. Examples: WMF - Windows Metafile EPS - Encapsulated Postscript |
| GIF | Graphics Interchange Format Standard format for animation on the Internet. Transparency Lossless Compression Colors = 256 (8-bit) |
| JPEG | Joint Photographic Experts Group No Animation No Transparency Lossy Compression Colors = 16.7 M (24-bit) High quality but larger file size than a GIF. |
| BMP | Bitmap No Animation No Transparency Uncompressed Colors = 256 - 16.7 M Large file size - not well suited for transfer across the Internet for print publications. |
| PNG | Portable Network Graphics No Animation Transparency Lossless Compression Colors = 256 - 16.7 M Not suited for photographs. Not widely supported by web browsers and image viewers/editors without plugins. |
| TIFF | Tagged Image File Format No Animation No Transparency Available in compressed and uncompressed formats. (Compressed is advised.) Colors = 16 M (24-bit) |
| Advantages of Vector Format | Resolution is independent so the image definition and quality always remain the same. Small file sizes that are easily transferable. |
| Disadvantages of Vector Format | Lower color quality than raster graphics. Not good for photographic images. |
| Vector File Formats | Xara Xtreme Adobe Illustrator CorelDRAW DXF - AutoCAD Inkscape SVG PLT CDR DXF WMF |
| Clip Art | Premade graphics that are available online and in many software packages; may be vector or raster. |
| Photographs | Raster images that contain millions of colors. |
| Art Work | Computer created drawings or paintings; may be raster or vector. |
| Resolution | The amount of detail (or data) stored for an image. |
| PPI | Pixels Per Inch |
| DPI | Dots Per Inch |
| Aspect Ratio | Relationship of an object's width to its height. |
| Cloning | Copying part of an image and using it to replace unwanted parts of the image. |
| Cropping | Cutting out part of an image. |
| Filters | Used to apply special effects to an image that would be too difficult to create manually. |
| Gradients | Filling an object/image with a smooth transition from one color to another. |
| Layering | Compiling multiple pictures or objects together into one image. |
| Patterns | Raster graphics used to fill an object or selection. |
| Textures | Used to create filters and backgrounds. |
| Rotating | Pivoting an object around its center point. |
| Transparency | Removing the background color of a raster graphic to make it "see through". |
Created by:
nicolette.hurley82
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