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MIS Chapter 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| collaboration | when 2 or more ppl work together to achieve a common goal, result or product |
| what does collaboration involve | coordination, communication |
| what is effectiveness of a collaboration driven by? | communication skills and culture, communication systems, content management, workflow control |
| communication systems | email, virtual private networks, instant messaging |
| content management | when multiple users contribute and change docs with others and keep track of and integrate various versions |
| what ensures conflicts are handled correctly? | data bases and content management systems |
| work flow | process or procedure by which content is created, edited, used and disposed of |
| how does a business process focus on delivering a good or service to customers? | externally |
| how does workflow focus on delivering a good or service to other employees? | internally |
| network effect | the larger # of ppl using a network, the more valuable that network becomes; network externality |
| computer network | a collection of computers that transmit and/or receive electronic signals through transmission media |
| transmission media | physical media (copper cable, optical fibre cable) or wireless media transmitting light or radio frequencies (cellular/satellite systems) |
| what are the 3 major networks? | LAN, WAN, the internet |
| LAN | local area network; connects computers with in a relatively small geographic location |
| WAN | wide area network; connects computers at different locations; |
| an internet | network of networks; internet connects LANs, WANs and other internets; to provide a seamless flow of info, an elaborate scheme of layered protocol is used |
| protocol | set of rules that 2 communicating devices follow |
| how close are comps in LAN located? | within a KM |
| switch | a special purpose comp that receives and transmits messages on LAN |
| network interface card (NIC) | connects the device's circuitry to the network cable; all devices on LAN (comp, printer ect) have this |
| onboard NIC | newer machines have this; NIC is built into the computer |
| media access control (MAC) address | every NIC has a unique identifier; |
| how are devices on LAN connected? | unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, or optical fibre cables |
| UTP cable | most connections are made with this |
| optical fibre cables | if they carry a lot of traffic or are far apart; signals on cables are light rays carried inside the glass core of cabe; core is surrounded by cladding to contain light signals; use special connectors |
| IEEE 802.3 protocol | Ethernet; specifies hardware characteristics; describes how msgs are to be packaged and processed for transmission |
| what does a pc with an onboard NIC support? | 10/100/1000 ethernet |
| 10/100/1000 ethernet | products conform to the 802.3 specificatios and allow for transmission at a rate of 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps (megabytes/sec) |
| wireless LAN | a comp network that allows users to connect to network without using a network cable |
| wireless NIC (WNIC) | laptop, tablet, smartphone; lets user move around and stay connected without needing to be connected with a cable |
| access points (Aps) | wireless LANs require one or more APs that devices connect to |
| what is the coverage of AP? | 40-100m |
| what factors change the coverage of APs? | indoors, weather, other devices on similar frequency, power output of devices |
| repeaters and reflectors | amplify and reflect signals to extend range |
| m-commerce | mobile commerce; allows users to conduct new kinds of transactions; mobile banking, ,ticket purchasing |
| 2 issues with tablets and e-readers | complexity in synchronization (email sent from one device to another); ownership |
| bring-your-own-device | employees are encouraged to simply use their own devices for work rather than be provided with an additional one; blurs line btwn professional and personal |
| what is the internet? | WAN, connects comps at physically different sites |
| router | impt component of WAN; special purpose computers that implement WAN protocols |
| what does the router connect? | computer to computers owned and operated by internet service provider (ISP) |
| what are the 3 ftns of ISP? | 1. provide comp or router with an internet address 2. serves as a gateway to the internet 3. ISPs pay for your internet |
| how does the ISP serve as a gateway to the internet? | receives communication from router and passes them onto the internet |
| how does the ISP pay for your internet? | collects money from customers and pays the access fee and other charges on your behalf |
| web | a subset of the internet; consists of sites and users that process the HTTP |
| hypertext transfer protocol | HTTP |
| browsers | programs that implement the HTTP protocol |
| simple mail transfer protocol | SMTP |
| FTP | file transfer protocol |
| what does the internet do | it is the communications infrastructure that supports all application-layer protocols, including the HTTP, SMPT, FTP |
| TLD | top level domain; last letters in any domain name |
| URL | uniform resource locater; an address on the internet that us stated in a way humans can remember |
| IP address | given by 4 numbers each separated by a period; ex. 198.103.778.090 |
| what are the 2 types of IP addresses? | Public, and private |
| Public IP addresses | used in the internet; assigned to ISPs and major institutions; unique across all comps on internet |
| private IP addresses | used in private networks and internets; controlled by the org that operates the private network; |
| domain name system (DNS) | converts human friendly URLs into computer friendly IP addresses; giant index that links human names for sites with their IP addresses |
| domain name resolution | process of converting a domain name into a public IP address |
| domain name resolvers | computers that do domain name resolution; keep track of domain name requests and store locations for future use; |
| where do domain name resolvers reside? | ISPs, academic institutions, large companies, gov't org |
| DSL | home and small co connected to ISP through telephone line called this |
| when receiving data what must the analog signal do? | be converted to a digital signal before the comp can read it |
| modem | modulator/demodulator, performs the conversion of the analog signal to the digital signal; different modems use different protocols and different speeds |
| what happens when 2 devices connected by modems use the same protocol but with different speeds? | operates at the slower speed |
| digital subscriber line (DSL) modem | operates on the same lines as phones; always maintain a connection; internet is available immediately; |
| DSLs with different upload and download speeds are called what? | asymmetric digital subscriber lines (ADSL) |
| who uses ADSL? | most homes/sm. businesses, bc they receive more than they transmit |
| symmetric digital subscriber lines (SDSL) | same download and upload speeds; performance guarantees |
| who uses SDSL? | large businesses that need the same receiving and transmitting speeds |
| cable modem | high speed data transmission using cable TV lines; |
| how does cable modems work? | cable co install fast, high capacity optical fibre cables to distribution centre in each neighborhood it serves. at the distribution centre, the optical fibre connects to regular cable TV cables that run to subscribers homes |
| narrowband | transmission speeds less than 56kbps |
| broadband | speeds in excess of 256kbps |
| what provides narrowband access? | dial up modem |
| what provides broadband access? | DSL and cable modems |
| how does WLAN differ from WWAN? | overs a larger area, uses cellular networks to transfer data (offered on a nationwide level and provided by a wireless service carrier for a monthly fee) |
| Internet engineering task force (IETF) | defines and specifies the network layers |
| what is the 4 layer transmission control program/internet protocol? | application, transport, internet, network access) |
| firewall | a computing device that prevents unauthorized network access and gets its name from the way that forest fires are contained by open spaces |
| port | a number that's used to uniquely identify a transaction over a network |
| what does the port number specify? | the service provided |
| access control list (ACL) | keeps track of which IP addresses are allowed and which are prohibited; firewalls have them |
| packet filtering firewalls | simplest type of firewall; examines each part of msg and determines if it should let that part pass; can prohibit outsiders from starting a session with any user behind the firewall |
| encryption | the process of transforming clear text into coded, unintelligible text for secure storage or communication |
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alyshabennett
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