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Informational Terms

Reading and Informational Terms

TermDefinition
Anology An analogy is a point-by-point comparison made between two things to show how they are alike.
Argument An argument is a position supported by evidence.
Cause and Effect A cause is the event that makes something happen. An effect is what happens as a result of the cause.
Chronological Order Chronological Order is when a writer puts events in sequence or order.
Compare-and-Contrast Pattern When you compare you look for similarities, or likenesses. When you contrast, you look for differences.
Conclusions A conclusion is a general summing up of the specific details in a text.
Connotation and Denotation The connotation of a word is all the feelings and associations that have come to be attached to the word. The denotation of a word is it's strict dictionary definition.
Context Clues When you don't know the meaning of a word, look for a clue to it's meaning in the context, the words and sentences sounding the unfamiliar word.
Evidence When you read informational and persuasive texts, you need to assess, or judge, the evidence that a writer uses to support a position.
Bias A leaning in favor of or against a person or issue is called a bias.
Fact and Opinion A fact is an statement that can be proven true. An opinion expresses a personal belief or feeling.
Fallacious Reasoning Fallacious Reasoning is false reasoning.
5W-How 5W-How is the questions who, what, when, where, why, and how.
Generalization A generalization is a broad statement that covers several particular situations.
Graphic Features Graphic features are design elements in a text.
Images Descriptive writing appeals to the senses to create mental images, pictures in the readers mind.
Inference An inference is an educated guess, a conclusion that makes sense because it's supported by evidence.
Instructional Manuals Instructional Manuals tell you how to operate a specific device, such as a VCR or a car.
KWL Chart Using a KWL Chart is a way to focus your reading and record what you learn.
Main Idea The most important point or focus of a passage is its main idea.
Newspapers Newspapers are informational texts that present facts about current events.
Objective Writing Objective Writing sticks to the facts.
Outlining Outlining an informational text can help you identify main ideas and understand how they are related to one another.
Persuasion Persuasion is the use of language or pictures to convince us to think or act in a certain way.
Predictions Guessing what will happen next in a narrative text is a reading skill called making predictions.
Propaganda Propaganda is and organized attempt to influence a large audience of readers, listeners, or TV watchers.
Purposes of text Texts are written for different purposes: to inform, to persuade, to express feeling, or to entertain.
Reading Rate The speed at which you read a text is your reading rate.
Retelling The reading strategy called retelling helps you identify and remember events that advance the plot of the story.
SQ3R The abbreviation SQ3R stands for a reading and study strategy that takes place in five steps: survey, question, read, retell, and review
Signs Signs are probably the briefest informational texts you see.
Stereotyping Referring to all members of a group as if they were all the same is called stereotyping.
Subjective writing Writing that reveals and emphasizes the writers personal feelings and opinions is called subjective.
Summarizing Restating the main ideas or major events of a text is called summarizing.
Text Structures There are some basic ways in which writers structure informational texts: cause and effect, chronological order, and comparison-and-contrast.
Textbooks Textbooks are informational texts written to help students learn about a subject.
Writers perspective Perspective is the way a person looks at a subject.
Created by: Justin Stella
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