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Chapter 11
Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What contains the Afferent Nerves & function | Dorsal root. * sends info to spinal cord from sensory receptor |
| What contains the Efferent Nerves & function | Ventral root *carry messages from spinal cord to body(effector) in grey matter |
| Where do the Efferent Nerves transfer info? | Into autonomic and somatic NS |
| Autonomic NS | Involuntary, maintains homeostasis *contains glands and muscles of Internal organs (smooth&cardiac muscle) *occurs at subconscious level like sweating |
| What's the Autonomic NS divided into | parasympathetic & sympathetic NS |
| parasympathetic NS | Activity dominant during relax state *rest&digest *increase gastrointestinal activity *decrease heart rate &BP |
| sympathetic NS | Fight/Flight respond *pupil dilate *decrease gastrointestinal activity *increase heart rate & BP |
| Somatic NS | Controls skeletal muscles *voluntary |
| What is the effector organ of the Somatic NS? | muscular system, 1 neuron system |
| Motor unit | Motor neuron&the muscle fibers it innervates |
| Property of Motor unit | *1MN can innervate many neuron fibers *each muscle fiber can only be innervated by 1 MN *MN come from ventral part of spinal cord |
| Neuromuscular junction | Synapse between a motor neuron&muscle fiber |
| Terminal bouton | on neuron |
| motor end plate | specialized muscle membrane @ junction that opposite terminal bouton on muscle fiber |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemical released by neuron (Acetylcholine) |
| Receptors | @ motor end plate called nicotinic receptors * can be triggered by cigarettes |
| Neuromuscular junction | 1.AP arrives @terminal bouton 2.Voltage-gated Ca channels open 3.Ca enters cell triggering Ach 4.Ach diffuses across cleft & binds to nicotinic receptors on motor end plate 5.Ach triggers opening of channels for small cations(Na in, K out) |
| Neuromuscular junction cont'd | 6.net movement of + charge in(depot) 7.EPP causes AP in muscle cell 8.AP spread though muscle causing contraction |
| End plate potential | EPP is sufficient to trigger AP |
| Myasthenia Gravis (disease) | Autoimmune(attacks nicotinic receptors, which is made of proteins, then it can't find Ach & Function) |
| what does Myasthenia Gravis cause | fatigue in muscles |
| Curare (drug) | extracted from plant *bind to nicotinic receptors using up its space so Ach can no longer bind. *used in hunting or relaxants |
Created by:
izis
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