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Physiology

Chapter 2

QuestionAnswer
Organic molecules anything that contains C
Inorganic Molecules O,K,Na,Cl,P,Ca,Zn,Fe,S
Biomolecules molecules that are synthesized by leaving body that contains C atom. *Found in living things (plants, animals,virus,bacteria)
Types of Biomolecule 1.carbohydrate2.lipids3.amino acids and proteins4.neucleotide
Carbohydrate composed of C,H,O
Groups of Carbohydrate Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
Monosaccharide Simple Sugar Ex)glucose(from photosynthesis),fructose(from fruit, very sweet), galactose(in milk, less sweet)
Groups of Disaccharide Sucrose,lactose
Groups of polysaccharide Chain of monosaccharides, glycogen, starch, cellulose(found on cell wall of plants)
Classes of Lipids(not water soluble) Triglycerids(fat),steroids(hormone),phospholipids,Eicosanoids(transport)
Triglycerids Has glyceros and fatty acid chains*unsaturated is better than saturated
phospholipids Contains phosphate group*has polar&non-polar sides*found in our membrane(bilayer)
Proteins Made of Amino Acids. 20 AA groups. AA forms polymers
polymers Attach and make proteins
How many AA does protein have ~50 AA
What does the R indicate in AA? The type of AA it is
Levels of protein structure Primary(determined by sequence of AA), secondary(alpha helix & B-pheated sheath), tertiary(further floating of 2ndary), Quaternary(formation of protein with more than 1 protein chain. Ex)hemoglobin)
Protein SHape Fibrous(collagen),globular(myoglobin(most of our body)) mixed(myosin)
Nucleotides Carry genetic info.Transfer energy ex)ADP&ATP
What happens when phosphate group breaks? We get energy from ATP
Nucleic Acid polymers of nucleotides *DNA*RNA
DNA Stores genetic code
RNA needed for expression of genetic code
DNA to RNA to Protein DNA to RNA(transcription). RNA to Protein(translation)*Doesn't happen in RBC(lacks nucleus)
Created by: izis
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