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C++ Coding Basics
C++ is a compiled language and includes OO features. "Quiz 4"
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What function must every program have in C++? | int main() {...} |
| How do you denote a comment in C++? Also multi-line comments? | // A Comment: also an OS-independent newline. /* ... */ Denotes a multi-line comment. |
| How should you create C++ source code files? With what extension does the file have? | C++ source code files should be created with a text editor and have the extension .cpp |
| In Windows, the GNU C++ compiler is called DJGPP; How do you compile and run the source code titled hello.cpp from an MS-DOS box? | gxx hello.cpp -o hello.exe >>>hello |
| How do you compile and run hello.cpp in the UNIX shell window? | g++ hello.cpp -o hello -Wall -O ./hello |
| What function does -o hello serve? | -o renames the default a.out executable. In Windows the default is A.EXE |
| What function does -Wall serve? | -Wall turns on all warnings. |
| What function does -O serve? | -O optimizes (compiles slower but runs faster) |
| How do you use the network or GUI interface in UNIX? | You must use the X and socket libraries. |
| How do you use the network or GUI interface in Windows? | You must use the Windows API and a compiler that supports them; such as, from Microsoft. GUI/network programming is nonportable. |
| Where can you find links to free and commercial C++ compilers? | Visit cplusplus (dot) com for links. |
| A program is a collection of what three elements? | A program is a collection of functions, and type and object declarations. |
| s; | Expression or declaration |
| ; | Empty statement |
| {s; s;} | A block or 0 or more statements is a statement |
| if (t) s; | If t is true then s |
| if (t) s; else s; | else is optional |
| while (t) s; | Loop 0 or more times |
| for (s1; t; s2) s; | s1; while (t) (s; s2;) |
| break; | Jump from while, for, do, switch |
| return x; | Return x to calling function |
| try {throw x;} | Throw exception, abort if not caught, x has any type |
| catch (T y) {s;} catch (...) {s;} | if x has type T then y=x, jump to s else jump here (optional) |
| do s; while (t); | (uncommon) s; while (t) s; |
| continue; | (uncommon) Start next loop of while, for, do |
| switch (i) { case C: s; break; default: s; } | if (i==C) go here optional, else go here |
| label: goto label; | (rare) Jump to label within a function |
| Give a declaration example: | int a[10], i=0, j; |
| Give a expression example: | a[i+2]=3; |
| Declarations are destroyed at the end of a block {s; s;} (True/False)? | Declarations like a, i, j; and expressions like a[i+2]=3 are destroyed at end of block {s; s;}. |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 1 | X::m Member m of namespace or class X ::m Global name m when otherwise hidden by a local declaration |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 2 | p[i] i'th element of container p x.m Member m of object x p->m Member m of object pointed to by p f(x,y) Call function f() i++ i-- static_cast<T>(x) |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 3 | *p &x -a !i (T)x new T delete p ++i --i sizeof x |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 4 | x.*p (rare) q->*p (rare) |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 5 | a*b a/b i%p |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 6 | a+b a-b |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 7 | x<<y x>>y |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 8 | x<y x>y x<=y x>=y |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 9 | x==y x!=y |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 10 | i&j AND |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 11 | i^j XOR |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 12 | x|j OR |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 13 | i&&j i AND THEN j only if i is TRUE |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 14 | i||j i OR ELSE j only if i is FALSE |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 15 | x=y x+=y |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 16 | i?x:y If i is TRUE then x ELSE y |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 17 | throw x |
| 18 levels of operator precedence: 18 | x,y Evaluate x and y, RESULT is y |
Created by:
themagicdwarf
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