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NOV BRDS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| IgG vs. IgM | IgG vs. IgM |
| Structure of IgG | monomer |
| structure of IgM | pentamer |
| number of binding sites | IgG=2 igM=10 |
| type of antibody of IgG | immune |
| type of antibody of IgM | natural occurring |
| Optimum temp of reactivity IgG | 37 |
| ABO DISCREPENCIES | ABO DISCREPENCIES |
| anti-A, Anti B, A1, A2, B cells, O cells,auto 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 possible causes and resolution | cause: missing isoagglutinins resolution: 1. repeat reverse typing with 4 drops of serum 2. incubate at room temp 30 mins 3. run auto control and sreening cells |
| anti-A, Anti B, A1, A2, B cells, O cells,auto 4+ 0 1+ 0 4+ 0 0 | possible cause: A2 with anti-A1 resolution: 1. type with anti-A1 2. test serum with additional A1 and A2 cells |
| anti-A, Anti B, A1, A2, B cells, O cells,auto 4+ 4+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ | possible cause: rouleaus resolution: 1. use washed RBC's cells in saline for forward grouping 2. Perform saline replacement tech in reverse grouping |
| anti-A, Anti B, A1, A2, B cells, O cells,auto 3+ 4+ 1+ 0 0 0 0 | possible cause: A2 B with anti-A1 resolution: 1. type cells with anti-A1. 2 test serum with additional A1 and A2 cells. |
| anti-A, Anti B, A1, A2, B cells, O cells,auto 4+ 2+ 0 0 0 0 0 | possible cause: acquired B antigen. resolution:1. check medical history for GI problen or septicemia. 2. type with human anti-B acidifed to pH 6.0 or monoclonal anti-B. |
| anti-A, Anti B, A1, A2, B cells, O cells,auto 4+ 4+ 2+ 0 0 2+ 0 | possible cause: AB with cold alloantibody. resolution: 1. Perform antibody panel. 2. Repeat forward grouping with B cells lacking the corresponding antigen. |
| ABO TYPING | ABO TYPING |
| ANTI-A, ANTI-B, A CELLS, B CELLS 0 0 + + | GROUP O |
| ANTI-A, ANTI-B, A CELLS, B CELLS + 0 0 + | GROUP A |
| ANTI-A, ANTI-B, A CELLS, B CELLS 0 + + 0 | GROUP B |
| ANTI-A, ANTI-B, A CELLS, B CELLS + + 0 0 | GROUP AB |
| ABO SYSTEM | ABO SYSTEM |
| ANTIGENS ON RBC ANTIBODY IN SERUM neither Anti-A, Anti-B | GROUP O |
| ANTIGENS ON RBC ANTIBODY IN SERUM A Anti-B | GROUP A |
| ANTIGENS ON RBC ANTIBODY IN SERUM B Anti-A | GROUP B |
| ANTIGENS ON RBC ANTIBODY IN SERUM A and B Neither anti-A nor anti-B | GROUP A and B |
| ABO GENOTYPES/PHENOTYPES | ABO GENOTYPES/PHENOTYPES |
| PHENOTYPE A | AA, AO |
| PHENOTYPE B | BB, BO |
| PHENOTYPE AB | AB |
| PHENOTYPE O | OO |
| DIRECT (DAT) vs. INDIRECT (IAT) | DIRECT (DAT) vs. INDIRECT (IAT) |
| in-vivo sensitization of RBC's by IgG antibody is dettected by DAT or IAT | DAT |
| In vitro sensitization of RBC's by IgG antibody is detected by DAT or IAT | IAT |
| What specimen is used for DAT | EDTA |
| does DAT require incubation | NO |
| What specimen is used for IAT | serum, plasma or RBC's |
| DAT detects what (4) | 1. Hemolytic disease of the newborn 2. transfusion reactions 3. autoimmune hemolytic anemia 4.drug-induced hemolytic anemia |
| IAT detects what (4) | 1. antibody screen 2. crossmatch 3. RBC phenotyping 4. weak D testing (Du) |
| DAT false positives: (6) | 1. complement binding in vitro if RBC's taken from a red top and AHG used. 2. septicemia 3. contamination of specimen 4. Wharton's jelly in cord blood 5. overreading 6. overcentrifugation |
| IAT false positives: (2) | 1. cells with positve DAT 2. Overcentrifugation |
| DAT false negatives: (6) | 1. interrupting testing 2. contamination, improper storage, outdated AHG. 3. Failure to add AHG 4. Neutralization of AHG 5. Dilution of AHG by residual saline 6. over/undercentrifugation |
| IAT false negatives: (same as DAT) plus: | over/under incubation |
Created by:
nizhoni
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