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Ch. 8 Terms & Def's

Operating Systems & Utility Programs

TermDefinition
antivirus program Program that protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files.
backup utility Utility program that allows users to copy, or back up, selected files or an entire hard disk to another storage medium, such as another hard disk, optical disc, USB flash drive, or tape
BIOS Basic input/output system; firmware that contains the computer’s startup instructions
defragmenting Reorganizing a disk so that the files are stored in contiguous sectors, thus speeding up disk access and the performance of the entire computer.
embedded operating system The operating system that resides on a ROM chip inside most PDAs and small devices.
file manager Utility that performs functions related to file management.
Linux Popular, multitasking UNIX-type operating system
operating system (OS) Set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices.
queue Lineup of multiple print jobs within a buffer.
recovery disk Special disk that contains a few system files capable of restarting a computer, which is used when the computer cannot boot from its hard disk.
system software Programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices.
UNIX Multitasking operating system that now is available for most computers of all sizes
user interface The portion of software that defines how a user interacts with a computer, including how the user enters data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen.
utility program Type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.
virus Potentially damaging computer program that affects, or infects, a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without a user’s knowledge or permission.
Created by: Renee0810
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