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ICT

General Theory Notes

TermDefinition
Hardware Is any physical part of a computer
Hardware is made up of The CPU and Main Memory,Input Devices, Output Device, Storage Devices
Main memory Stores Programmes and Data for processing
CPU Central Processing Unit
Imput Devices these Devices read incoming Data and pass it on to the CPU
Output devices These Accept information from the CPU and display the result for the user.
Storage Devices It keeps iformationin the computer so it can be used again.
Mouse Used to select text,insert text or an icon on a page by clicking and dragging
Keyboard Used to type words on the page. The most common type is a QWERTY keyboard. it is laid out in an 'unfriendly' manner.
Bar code reader / wand reader or scanner They read or scan the zebra like bars that you see on most products.
Point of sale terminal It is used to collect information on a product by scanning the bar code. they record and store information.
Digitiser Used for drawing illustrations or creating graphics / pictures on a screen.
Camera/ tape recorder used to imput voice or visual pictures on your computer
VDE/Voice Data Entry It can accept human speech and convert it to the spoken word onto your screen
OCR/ Optical Character Reader They are devices that scan the document and turn it into readable form on your screen. It can be text, graphics or photo material. The results can be cut, copied and pasted, then saved to a disk.
OCR/ Optical Character Reader (part 2) Books, for example can be entered onto the computer without the need for keying in text. The scanner changes the text from paper onto your screen.
MICR/Magnetic Ink Character Reader They are used in documents, contain magnetic digits that contain information. E.g. flat numbers on the bottom of a bank cheque that represents information about a customer's account
OMR/Optical Mark Recognition/Reader The computer pick up marks, e.g. pencil marks on a sheet to collect information. E.g. Pencil marks on a score sheet
Touch screen it is a special screen which allows you to carry out a task by touching on the screen. E.g. a point of information (POI) screen in a shopping centre, you can touch it to find out information about different levels/floors.
Light Pen or Stylus You can use a special pen to touch the 'touch screen'. it can be used to highlight and select items. You can also make hand written entries
Monitor/VDU Or Visual Display Unit This is the screen that you look at; it contains a soft copy of your information. (The copy of your work on the computer, rather then a hard copy, which is the copy that you have printed out on paper).
Monitor/VDU Or Visual Display Unit (part 2) As you key in text, It appears on the monitor for you to see it. There are different types of monitors; one is the CRT or Cathode Ray Tube. They are similar to the picture tube in your TV.
Monitor/VDU Or Visual Display Unit (part 3) They shoot little dots across the screen that light up tiny points that glow for a short period of time. Every letter/Character that you see on the screen is made of many of these lights or points called Pixels.
Flat Screen Technology's portable computers like laptops, notebook, and PDA's or personal digital assistants can have high resolution screens. The most common is the LCD or liquid Crystal Display
Printer They are used to produce a hard copy of your information. There are many types; the two main types are impact. The speed at which pages print, refers to the quality of print.
Printer 2 When printing you should always check your print previews first, as 'what you see in the print view is what you get when you actually print, hence the term ; 'What you see, is what you get' - WYSIWYG
Non-Impact Printer These printers cannot make carbon copies. Examples are: Thermal Printer: they respond to heat and create letters on special paper. They are slower than Ink-jet and the paper is expensive. Ink-jet printer: they shoot tiny dots of ink onto paper.
Non-Impact printer 2 Laser printer; they beam whole pages at a time onto a drum, the paper then passes over the drum and picks up the image or text.
Created by: ciaranloughlin10
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