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immunology quiz 4

immunology quiz 4 - CLLS-316

QuestionAnswer
ASO individual test for anti-streptolysin O, neutralization procedure
Streptolyzyme kit tests for anti-streptolysin O, anti-DNASE, anti-hyaluronidise, & anti-streptokinase
HIV types of testing western blot, Gp24 antigen test, CD4 Tcells, viral load testing
Streptococcal testing ASO and Streptozyme
Western blot gold standard/confirmation
Gp24 antigen testing donors
Epstein Barr Paul Bunnell, heterophile antibody, Anti-VCA, EA, EBNA
Autoimmune diseases occur from breakdown of Self-tolerance maybe systematic or organ specific
SLE - Systemic lupus erythematosus antibody=anti-DNA-many type systemic disease of chronic inflammation alternating exacerbations and remissions Diagnostic - butterfly rash, LE cells ANA test, FANA test - basic principle
RA - Rheumatoid Arthritis antibody= IgM against Fc portion of IgG - IgM/IgG complexes degenerative joint disease - systemic lab testing - Latex agglutination for Rheumatoid factor
MG - Myasthenia Gravis neuromuscular, antibody to ACH receptors causes fatigue of skeletal muscles
MS - Multiple Sclerosis T cells attack myelin, B cells produce anti-myelin antibodies demyelating disease of CNS lab testing - IgG index, Immunologic tests for anti-myelin antibodies
Grave's disease TSI - Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin "bulging eyes",diffuse goiter,hyperthyroidism
Hashimoto's disease antithyroglobulin antibodies, hypothyroidism, goiter
Type I diabetes mellitus Islet antibodies - against Beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas Cause lack of insulin production and hyperglycemia might be triggered by Coxsackie virus
Hypersensitivity has 2 phases Sensitization and Effector and has 4 types
Sensitization first exposure, exposure to small amount of antigen
effector second exposure to antigen
Type I (Atopic & Anaphylactic)Hypersensitivity IgE mediated, mast cells release granules, anaphalaxis, Wheal and Flare reaction, Lab tests - RAST, in vivo skin tests
Type II (cytotoxic)Hypersensitivity IgG or IgM mediated, activates complement, hemolytic reactions - transfusion,HDN, autoimmune Lab testing - DAT
Type III (immune complex)Hypersensitivity IgG or IgM mediated, activates complement, soluble antigen, arthus, serum sickness Lab tests - latex agglutination, fluorescent staining
Type IV (T cell dependent)Hypersensitivity delayed hypersensitivity, immunoglobulin and complement not involved, T-cells and macrophages mediate, PPD test - mantoux skin test
Immunoproliferative diseases defect in regulation - malignancies - lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, Waldenstroms
Immunodeficiencies Neutrophillic defects - CGD - oxygen deficient for killing -NBT test Leukocyte Adhesion - CD 11 and CD 18 proteins
Goodpasture's syndrome noncollagenous protein in basement membranes of kidney glomeruli and lung alveoli. complement & Fc receptor-mediated inflammation. Nephritis, lung hemorrhages.
Pernicious anemia Neutralization of intrinsic factor, decreased absorption of vitamin B12. Abnormal erythropoiesis, anemia
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia opsonization & phagocytosis of erythrocytes, hemolysis and anemia
Autoimmune(Idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura opsonization & phagocytosis of platelets, bleeding.
pemphigus vulgaris antibody-mediated activation of proteases, disruption of intercellular adhesions, skin vesicles (bullae)
NBT - nitroblue tetrazoliun the dye that neutrophil's reduce. How to diagnose CGD.
malignancy excess accumulation of cells, failure to regulate, chromosome mutations.
Lymphocyte malignancies lymphomas and leukemias
Lymphoma Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkins
Leukemia acute and chronic
Hodgkin's Lymphoma presence of Reed Sternberg cells, highly treatable, often curable, young adults & elderly
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma B cell lymphoma (85%), T cell lymphomas
ALL - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia poorly differentiated precursor cells (blast), can be divided in types T cell, B cell, non T/non B cell
CLL - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Lymphoma almost exclusively B cell origin, CLL, PLL, HCL
Plasma Cellulinemia Malignancies Multiple Myeloma, Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
Multiple Myeloma malignancy of mature plasma cells, produce paraproteins
Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia malignant proliferation of IgM-producing lymphocytes, produce paraproteins
Hep A Serology RNA virus- Picornovirus, oral-fecal, presence of IgM antibodies(acute), most often detected by ELISA
Created by: pamela18
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