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urine test 2

QuestionAnswer
There is 1 to 1.5 million of these functional units in the kidney Nephrons
the part of the kindney in which there is a selective retention and excretion of various substances and in which the concentration of urine occurs is the tubule
In a popular test used to calculate the estimated GFR, what compound is measured in the blood Creatinine
Many glomerular disorders occur as a result of Immunologic reactions
Patients who have shock or acute nephritis have a decrease in urinary volume of less than 500 mL/24hr. This is called Oliguria
Which cast is characteristically associated with acute pyelonephritis(kidney infection) White cell
The type of urinary cast that is most characteristically associated with nephrotic syndrome is Fatty
ADH regulates the reabsorption of Water
What is a renal disorder that may be inherited? Fanconi Syndrome
The Renin-angiotensin-adosterone hormone helps control Blood pressure
PKU, Tyrosyluria and Maple Syrup Urine Disease are all caused by Inherited deficiencies in enzymes used in metaboic pathways
Presence of hyprochromic, irregularly-shaped (dysmorphoc) red blood cells in the urine sediment is indicative of Glomurular Bleeding
The purpose of an estimated gomerular filtration rate is to detect chronic renal disease in its early stages
Fanconi's Syndrome is a proximal tubular dysfunction that produes which urine findings Aminoaciduria, Proteinuria, Phosphaturia and Glycosuria
Renal tubular cells are a microscope finding of Tubular injury
A patient with normal blood glucose and a positive urine glucose should be checked for Reanal Disease
The renal threshold level(where the maximal tubular reabsorptive capacity is exceeded) for glucose is 160-180 mg/dl
Urine formation occurs as the plasma ultrafiltrate passes through the renal structures in which order Nephron, calyces, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder
The proximal and distal convoluted tubules are connected by the Loop of Henle
Secretion of Aldosterone stimilates the kidneys to retain Sodium
The ultimate goal of the kidneys is to Maintain normal plasma osmolality, eliminate unwanted solutes and water, manipulate water excretion to achieve fluid homeostasia
When too much protein is presented to the renal tubules for reabsorption, it is excreted in the urine because The maximal tublar reabsorptive capacity for protein has been exceeded
The excretion of large volumes of urine (>3L/day) is called Polyuria
Aminoacidurias such as phenylketonuria and maple syrup urine disease were discovered in urine but are now tested By state-mandated newborn health screens on blood
Blood flows through the nephron in the following order Renal artery, afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole
In end stage renal disease there is marked decrease in the glomerular filtration rate and thus an increase in serum BUN(Blood Urea Nitrogen) and Creatinine levels
Created by: aschmidt1006
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