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Phys Exam 2: Ch 17

Local control of tissue blood flow

QuestionAnswer
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: An increase in PCO2 in the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: An increase in PO2 in the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Norepinephrine-mediated stimulation of alpha-1-adrenergic receptors expressed on the smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: An increase in intracellular ATP concentrations in the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Opening of stretch-operated channels expressed on smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Release of endothelin from endothelial cells of a damaged blood vessel that feeds the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Release of nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells of an intact blood vessel that feeds the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Norepinephrine-mediated stimulation of beta-2-adrenergic receptors expressed on the smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds skeletal muscle Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: An increase in extracellular adenosine in the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: A decrease in pH in the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: A decrease in PO2 in the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: A decrease in lactic acid production in the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: A decrease in intracellular ATP concentrations in the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Stimulation of Gq-coupled receptors expressed on smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissu Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Activation of Protein Kinase A in the smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Activation of eNOS in the endothelial cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: A decrease in PCO2 in the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: An increase in cytosolic Ca2+ levels in smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Angiogenesis in the tissue
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Activation of Protein Kinase G in smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Elevated levels of cGMP in smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Inactivation of myosin light chain kinase in smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Increase
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: An increase in the pre-capillary resistance of an arteriole that feeds the tissue capillary bed Decrease
Determine if the following will an increase, a decrease, or have no effect on blood flow to a tissue: Hyperpolarization of the membrane of smooth muscle cells of the vasculature that feeds the tissue Increase
Name three factors that can cause release of vasodilators from endothelial cells
Name a stimulus for release of endothelin from endothelial cells ECs lining a blood vessel are damaged
Outline the mechanism of action of nitric oxide 1.Damage causes release of endothelin 2.Endothelin stimulates Gq-coupled endothelin receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells 3.Gq --> PLC --> IP3 --> cytosolic Ca2+ 4.Increased cytosolic Ca2+ stimulates smooth muscle contraction --> vasoconstriction
TRUE or FALSE: A compound that inhibits alpha-1 adrenergic receptors will most likely cause an increase pre-capillary resistance
TRUE or FALSE: A compound that stimulates nitric oxide release from endothelial cells causes vasoconstriction FALSE - vasodilation
TRUE or FALSE: An increase in systemic arterial pressure causes a sustained increase in blood flow to all tissues
TRUE or FALSE: The amount of blood flow to a tissue is independent of the metabolic demands of that tissue FALSE
TRUE or FALSE: Damaged endothelial cells are more likely to release compounds that will cause vasoconstriction at the injury site TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: The major determinant of blood flow to a capillary bed under normal physiologic conditions is the post-capillary resistance (Rpost)
TRUE or FALSE: The walls of capillaries are composed primarily of smooth muscle cells
TRUE or FALSE: As the metabolic demand of a tissue increases, blood flow to that tissue remains constant because of autoregulation
TRUE or FALSE: Angiogenesis is a pathological phenomenon that does not occur under normal physiologic conditions FALSE
TRUE or FALSE: Sildenafil is useful in the treatment of erectile dysfunction because it promotes the breakdown of cGMP FALSE - inhibits
TRUE or FALSE: During vasomotion, an increase in PO2 in a tissue stimulates vasodilation, while a subsequent decrease in tissue PO2 stimulates vasoconstriction FALSE – increase = vasoconstriction; decrease = vasodilation
TRUE or FALSE: Vasoconstriction of a blood vessel requires nervous stimulation FALSE
TRUE or FALSE: A vasodilator may act by inhibiting the activity of myosin light chain kinase in smooth muscle cells TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Activation of VEGF receptors stimulates proliferation and migration of endothelial cells
TRUE or FALSE: Autoregulation is the result of sympathetic stimulation of vascular smooth muscle
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Norepinephrine (acting at alpha-1-adrenergic receptors) VASOCONSTRICTION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Histamine (acting at H2-type histamine receptors) VASODILATION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Ang II VASOCONSTRICTION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Bradykinin VASODIATION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Epinephrine (acting at beta-2-adrenergic receptors) VASODILATION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Vasopressin VASOCONSTRICTION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Nitroglycerin VASODILATION
Determine if the following would be expected to cause VASODILATION or VASOCONSTRICTION of vascular smooth muscle: Silendafil VASODILATION
Created by: hclark86
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