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Lab Test
Common Laboratory Tests
| Test Name | what it does |
|---|---|
| Acid Phosphatase | Early diagnosis of CA of the prostate |
| Albumin | Nutritional status |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Metabolic bone disorders, liver function |
| Ammonia | Evaluation of hepatic function |
| Amylase | Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis |
| Bilirubin | a bile pigment formed by the breakdown of erythrocytes, liver function |
| Biochemical Profiles | chemistry screens. The profiles may include Na, K, Cl, LDH, CO, SGOI, SGPT, Bilirubin, Total Protein, BUN, Lactic Acid, Cholesterol, Glucose, Ca, Albumin, Creatinine, Uric Acid, etc. |
| Bleeding time | skin puncture method done be the phlebotomist. Normal 1-4 min. |
| Blood Culture | Diagnosis of specific infectious diseases |
| Blood Gases | Respiratory function, acid-base balance |
| Blood Grouping and Rh Typing | separates blood into 4 groups |
| Bone Marrow | The soft tissue in the center of bone is aspirated and biopsied to diagnosis malignancies |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | Kidney Function |
| Calcium | the most abundant mineral in the body and plays a key role in blood coagulation. Levels are esential to maintain normal heartbeat and normal funtioning of nerves and muscles. |
| CO2 | Formed in the tissues and eliminated by the lungs. Evaluates acid-base balance |
| Cardiac Profile | Evaluation of the Cardiac enzymes (CPK, LDH, etc.) |
| CBC | Evaluation of peripheral blood parameters performed in Hematology. Includes RBC, WBC, Hgb, Hct and Indices. |
| CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) | Follow-up of cancer patients |
| Chloride | plays an important role in the maintanance of homeostasis. Decreased in Pulmonary disease. electrolytes loss or renal disease |
| Cholesterol | A fat substance |
| Clotting Time | A skin puncture test performed by the Phlebotomist with a capillary tube, Filter Paper, and stopwatch. Normal:3-6 Min, |
| CPK (Creantine Phosphokinase) | Cardiac or liver function |
| Creatinine | Kidney Function |
| Crossmatch | A blood bank test for the transfusion of blood products |
| Cytomegalovirus (CMV) | One of the herpes viruses that causes Cytomegalic inclusion disease. (CID ) |
| Differential Blood Count | Microscopic examination of white cells, platelets estimation and RBC morphology. Done on slides |
| Electolytes | Evaluation of renal function and acit-base balance. Includes Na, K, Cl, CO2 |
| Eosinophil Count | Investigation of allergic disorders, pin worms |
| Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | The settling of cells in a volume of drawn blood. Inflammatory disease process |
| Factor Assays | Coagulation Factors II,V,VII,IX,X,XI,XII,XIII. Detects specific coagulation factor deficiencies. |
| Factor Split Products | Also Fibrin Degradation Products. This test measures the breakdown products of fibrin and fibrinogen |
| Fibrinogen | is a plasma protein formed in the liver. Converted into fibrin during the clotting process. |
| Gentamycin | An Antibiotic. Levels are usually drawn before and after the dose is given |
| Glucose | A sugar also known as dextrose. Screening for Hypo and Hyperglycemia, carbohydrate metabolism disorders |
| Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) | A metabolic test for carbohydrate tolerance, drawn hourly intervals. Blood sugar should return to normal in 2-21 hours after ingesting 100g of glucose |
| Hemoglobin | the iron-containing pigment of the red blood cell. Its function is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, included in the CBC |
| Hepatitis Screens | Individuals tests for Hepatitis A or Hepatitis B, surface antigen ot anitbody; indicates remote or current infection |
| Herpese Simplex 1&2 | Detects the non-genital and genital viral infections |
| Iron and Iron Binding Capacity | Increases with liver disease; decreases with kidney disease, blood loss, cancer, malabsorption |
| Lactose Tolerance Test | Determine if the patient is deficient of the enzyme lactase. Drawn at hourly intervals after the patient has ingested 100g of lactose dissolved in water |
| LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) | Increased with MI, liver disease and metastatic CA |
| LE Cells | a connective tissue dissorder |
| Lipoprotein | A type of fat in the blood |
| Lithium | a mood stabilizing drug |
| Liver Profile | Includes GGT, SGPT, Bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase |
| Magnesium | Evaluation of metabolic disorders. Decreases with renal disease, alcoholism, pancreatitis, malabsorption, etc. |
| Monospot | A viral disease in which monocytes are increased and lymph nodes enlarged |
| Phosphorus | Evaluation of phosphorus metabolism |
| PT | A protein produced in the liver and is dependent on the presence of Vitamin K. During teh clotting process, prothrombin is converted to throbin. Evalualtion of extrinsic coagulation system |
| PTT | Evaluation of the intrinsic coagulation system |
| Reticulocyte Count | Young red blood cells newly delivered into the circulation from the bone marrow |
| Rubella | German Measles |
| Syphilils Test | May be called VDRL;RPR,STS. Many states require a test on all admissions and or employees |
| SGOT | Increases with liver disease, heart disease, skeletal muscle damage, MI |
| SGPT | Increases with liver disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice |
| Sickle Cell | A hereditary hemolytic anemia chacterized by sickle-shaped RBC |
| Sodium | Regulates water balance and acid base balance, increases with hypertension, kidney disease,dehydration, diabetes |
| Thyroid Studies | Includes T3,T4,T7,TSH,FTI. Determines Thyroid function such as hypo or hyoerthyroidism |
| Triglycerides | a type of fat in the blood |
| Toxoplasmosis | an infection similar to mononucleosis |
| Uric Acid | Increases with gout, uremia, acidosis |
| Xylose Tolerance Test | Also known as D-Xylose Absorption test. Blood and urine are collected after teh atient has ingested 25g of Xylose, diagnosis of malabsorption syndromes. |
Created by:
kspath2
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