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Hardware Terms

QuestionAnswer
Hardware Computer’s physical components Monitor, keyboard, memory, hard drive
Software Directs hardware to accomplish a task, Input, processing, storage, output
Binary number system Stores and reads two states 0 or 1, On or Off, True or False, etc
Bit short for “binary digit”, Smallest unit of computing
Byte eight bits, Used for counting, calculation, storage operations
Motherboard Largest, most important circuit board Contains the CPU, expansion slots, other device
Central processing unit (CPU) Also called: processor, microprocessor Reads input, processes data, writes data to storage
Chipset Group of microchips on the motherboard controlling data flow
Primary storage Temporary storage used by the processor
Secondary storage Enables data to persist after machine turned off
Hard drives Main secondary computer storage device
Optical drives RW can write to a disk
Traces Fine lines on top and bottom of the motherboard’s surface
Bus System of pathways, transmission protocols
Video Card provides a port for the monitor
Sound Card provides ports for speakers and microphones
Network Card provides a port for a network cable
Power supply Most important electrical component Converts AC voltage external source to DC voltage
BIOS (basic input/output system) Data and instructions stored on ROM chips ROM BIOS chips: type of firmware
CMOS RAM includes date, time, port configurations Flash ROM ROM chips that can be overwritten
Created by: gabrielle123
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