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CT Intro Sem Test
Mrs. Welch's CT Intro Semester Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) | coding system that computers of all types and brands can translate |
| Application software | also called productivity software; helps you perform a specific task, such as word processing or spreadsheets |
| Bit | in binary code it is represented by a zero or one |
| Byte | another word for character; generally represented by eight bits |
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) | also known as the microprocessor; the brains of the computer |
| Computer | electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result |
| File extension | the part of a file name that comes after the period called a "dot" |
| File name | the name assigned for identification |
| Folder | a way to organize files into manageable groups |
| Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) | operating systems with graphical symbols representing files, programs, and documents |
| Hardware | the tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched |
| Icons | graphic images or symbols that represent applications (programs), files, disk drives, documents, embedded objects, or linked objects |
| Input devices | enable the user to input data and commands into the computer |
| Mainframe computers | large, powerful computers that are used for centralized storage, processing, and management of very large amounts of data |
| Maximize | o enlarge a window on the computer to fill the computer screen |
| Menu bar | the horizontal bar near the top of a window that lists the different types of menus to choose from when working with documents |
| Microcomputer | sometimes called a personal computer; used at home or at the office by one person; can fit on top of or under a desk |
| Microprocessor | an integrated circuit silicon chip that contains the processing unit for a computer or a computerized appliance |
| Microsoft's Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) | originally introduced with the IBM PC in 1981 |
| Minicomputer | type of computer that is designed to serve multiple users and process significant amounts of data; larger than a microcomputer, but smaller than a mainframe |
| Minimize | to reduce a window on the screen to a button on the taskbar |
| Motherboard | a circuit board that contains all of the computer system's main components |
| Network | connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices |
| Operating systems | systems software that provide an interface between the user or application program and the computer hardware |
| Output devices | enable the computer to give you the results of the processed data; like the monitor, projectors, or printer. |
| Plug and play | technology that allows a hardware component to be attached to a computer so that it is automatically configured by the operating system, without user intervention |
| Random Access Memory (RAM) | where instructions and data are stored on a temporary basis; this memory is volatile |
| Read-Only Memory (ROM) | permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufacturer |
| Restore | to return a maximized or minimized window to its previous size |
| Scroll bar | band on the right side or bottom of a window that you click to bring different parts of a document into view |
| Software | intangible set of instructions that tell the computer what to do |
| Supercomputers | largest and fastest computers, capable of storing and processing tremendous volumes of data |
| Systems software | a group of programs that coordinate and control the resources and operations of a computer system |
| Task bar | the horizontal band at the bottom of the desktop that includes the Start button, minimized window buttons, and a row of icons usually related to input and output devices |
| Technology | the application of scientific discoveries to the production of goods and services that improve the human environment |
| Title bar | the horizontal band in a window that displays the name of the program, data file, or another type of window |
| Tool bar | the horizontal band in a window that displays the name of the program, data file, or another type of window |
| Troubleshooting | analyzing problems to correct faults in the system |
| Universal Serial Bus (USB) | standard for computer ports that support data transfer rates of up to 12 million bits per second |
| Utility software | systems software that perform tasks related to managing the computer's resources, file management, diagnostics, and other specialized chores |
| Virus | a computer program that is written to cause corruption of data |
| Window | rectangular area of the screen used to display a program, data, or other information |
| Active cell | a selected cell in a worksheet |
| Alignment | describes how text is positioned between the left and right margins on a page - left, center, right, or justified |
| Cell | the intersection of a single row and a single column |
| Chart | a graphical representation of worksheet or table data |
| Clipart | prepared pictures and other artwork you can insert into a document |
| Clipboard | a temporary storage area for text and/or graphics that are to be cut or copied and then pasted to another location |
| Column | in a worksheet _____ run down the screen vertically and are identified by a letter across the top of the grid |
| Copy | to duplicate a selection, file, folder, etc., so that you can place it in another position or location |
| Crop | to trim a graphic |
| Cut | to remove text or graphics from a document, and place it on the clipboard |
| Database | a collection of related information organized for rapid search and retrieval |
| Default | a setting that is automatically used unless another option is chosen |
| Delete | remove the character from the right of the insertion point |
| Desktop Publishing | the process of using a computer to combine text and graphics to create an attractive document |
| Document | a data file in a software application |
| Edit | to change an existing document |
| Entry | data entered into a cell |
| Font | the general shape and style of a set of characters |
| Footer | text and/or graphics appearing at the bottom of each page of a document |
| Graphics | items other than text including photos, clip art, and drawing objects |
| Grammar checker | checks each sentence in the document, and points out grammatical errors, such as subject and verb agreement, sentence fragments, sentence structure, sentence length, and punctuation |
| Gridlines | nonprinting lines that display on the screen to show the boundary lines of a table |
| Header | text and/or graphics appearing at the top of each page in a document |
| I-beam | the shape the mouse pointer takes when it is positioned on text in a document |
| Merge | to combine multiple cells into a single cell, usually to create a title or informational text for the worksheet |
| Orientation | determines whether your document will be lengthwise or crosswise on a sheet of paper |
| Overtype mode | in this mode, new text replaces existing characters |
| Paste | to place text or graphics from the clipboard into a document |
| Presentations | slide shows created using special graphics application software that can be displayed on screen or projected using a projector attached to a computer |
| Preview | allows the document to be viewed in full page format to check the layout prior to printing |
| Range | a selected group of cells |
| Row | in a worksheet ______across the screen horizontally and are identified by numbers at the left of the grid |
| Save | to store a document file on a disk or other storage medium |
| Scroll | to move (using scroll boxes or scroll arrows) through a list, a block of text, a document, or any display larger than the current window or screen |
| Sizing handles | small squares or circles surrounding a graphic or object, indicating that it is selected |
| Sorting | the process of creating a list organized on a specific criterion |
| Sorting | the process of creating a list organized on a specific criterion |
| Spell checker | the process of comparing the spelling of words in a document against a dictionary of known words and offering advice on how to make corrections |
| Spreadsheet | an organized table of financial or other numerical information |
| Table | a file in a relational database management systems or information arranges in rows and columns so readers can easily understand the information |
| Template | a file that contains formatting and text that you can customize to create a new document similar to, but slightly different from, the original |
| Thesaurus | a feature in word processing software that allows you to quickly find alternative words or synonyms for a word in your document |
| Toggle | use the same procedure to turn an option on or off |
| View | example normal, print layout, web layout, reading layout and outline |
| Word Processing | software you use to prepare text documents such as letters, reports, flyers, brochures, and books |
| Word wrap | text automatically moves to the next line when it reaches the right margin |
| Workbook | a collection of related worksheets |
| Worksheet | a grid of rows and columns containing numbers, text, and formulas |
| Artificial intelligence | type of software that can process information on its own without human intervention |
| Browser | software program used to retrieve document from the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) and to display them in a readable format |
| Computer crime | criminal act committed through the use of a computer, such as getting into someone else's system and changing information or creating a computer virus and causing damage to others' information |
| Copyright | the exclusive right granted by law for a certain number of years, to make and dispose of literary, musical, or artistic work |
| Domain name | identifies a site on the Internet |
| Internet | the largest network used as a communication tool |
| Intranet | a network designed for the exclusive use of computer users within an organization that cannot be accessed by users outside the organization |
| Netiquette | often used to describe rules for proper online behavior |
| Plagiarism | claiming someone else's words as your own |
| Uniform Resource Locator (URL) | address that tells the browser where to locate the page; it is typed into the address bar |
| Spam | unsolicited commercial e-mail that is sent to many people at the same time to promote products or services; also called "junk" e-mail |
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dianewelch60
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