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16 c
Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The organs of the respiratory system are designed to perform two basic functions: ___ and ___ | air distribution, gas exchange |
| The upper respiratory tract consists of the ___, the ___, and the ___ | Nose, pharynx, larynx |
| The lower respiratory tract consists of the ___, the ___, and the ___ | Trachea, bronchial tree, lungs |
| The membrane that separates the air in the alveoli from the blood in the surrounding capillaries is called the ___ | Respiratory membrane |
| The membrane that lines most of the air distribution tubes of the respiratory system is called the ___ | Respiratory mucosa |
| The frontal, maxillary, sphenoidal, and ethmoidal cavities make up the ___ | paranasal sinuses |
| The ___ sacs drain tears into the nasal cavity | Lacrimal |
| The ___ protrude into the nasal cavities and function to warm and humidify the air. | Conchae |
| The ___ is the structure that can also be called the throat | Pharynx |
| The ___ is also called the voice box | Larynx |
| The ___ is the large air tube in the neck. | Trachea |
| The four progressively smaller air tubes that connect the trachea and the alveoli are the ___, ___, ___, and ___. | Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts |
| A ___ is a substance made by the lung to reduce the surface tension of water in the alveoli. | Surfactant |
| The right lung is made up of ___ lobes, and the left lung is made up of ___ lobes. | 3, 2 |
| A collapse of the lung for any reason is called ___ | atelectasis |
| Air in the pleural space is called a ___ | Pneumothorax |
| Blood in the pleural space is called a ___ | Hemothorax |
| A series of cycles of alternating apnea and hyperventilation is called ___ respiration. | Cheyne-Stokes |
| The exchange of gases between the blood and the tissues is called ___ | Internal respiration |
| The exchange of gases between the blood and the air in the lungs is called ___ | External respiration |
| The ___ is the most important muscle in respiration. | Diaphragm |
| Oxygen is carried in the blood as ___ | oxyhemoglobin |
| Carbon dioxide is carried in the blood as the ___ ion or combines with hemoglobin as ___ | bicarbonate, carbaminohemoglobin |
| The basic respiratory rhythm centers are located in what part of the brain? | Medulla |
| ___ are the sensory receptors that help keep the lung from overexpanding. | Stretch receptors |
| ___ are the sensory receptors that help modify respiratory rates by detecting the amount of carbon dioxide, oxygen, or acid levels in the blood. | Chemoreceptors |
| The amount of air that is moved in and out of the lung during normal, quiet breathing is called ___, ___, and ___ | Tidal, expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve |
| The volume included in total lung capacity, but not vital capacity, is ___ volume. | Residual |
Created by:
hakej
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