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Economics
Economics Chapter Eight
Term | Definition |
---|---|
sole proprietorship | a business owned and managed by a single individual |
business organization | the ownership structure of a company or firm |
business license | authorization to operate a business issued by a local government |
zoning laws | laws in a city or town that designate certain areas, or zones, for residential and business use |
liability | the legal obligation to pay debts |
partnership | a business organization owned by two or more persons who agree on a specific division of responsibilities and profits |
general partnership | a type of partnership in which all partners share equally in both responsibility and liability |
limited partnership | a type of partnership in which only one partner is required to be a general partner |
limited liability partnership | a type of partnership in which all partners are limited partners |
articles of partnership | a partnership agreement that spells out each partner's rights and responsibility |
assets | the money and other valuables belonging to an individual or buisiness |
business franchise | a semi-independent business that pays fees to a parent company in return for the exclusive right to sell a certain product or service in a given area |
royalities | the share of earnings given by a franchise as payment to the franshiser |
corporation | a legal entity, or being, owned by individual stockholders, each of whom has limited liability for the firm's debts |
stock | a certificate of ownership in a corporation |
closely held corporation | a type of corporation that issues stock to only a few people, who are often family members |
publicly held corporation | a type of corporation that sells stock on the open market |
bond | a formal contract issued by a corporation or other entity that includes a promise to repay borrowed money with interest at fixed intervals |
certificate of incorporation | a license to form a corporation issued by a state government |
dividend | the portion of corporate profits paid out to stockholers |
limited liability corporation | a type of business with limited liability for the owner's with the advantage of not paying corporate income tax |
horizontal merger | the combination of two or more firms competing in the same market with the same good or service |
vertical merger | two or more firms involved in different stages of producing the same good or service |
conglormerate | a business combination merging more than three businesses that produce unrelated products or services |
multinational corporation | a large corporation that produces and sells its goods and services in more than one country |
coorperative | a business organization owned and operated by a group of individuals for their shared benefit |
consumer coorperative | a retail outlet owned and operated by consumers that sells merchandise to members at reduced prices |
service cooperative | a type of cooperative that provides a service rather that a good |
producer coorperative | an agricultural marketing cooperative that helps members sell their products |
nonprofit organization | an institution that functions much like a business, but does not operate for the purpose of generating profit |
professional organization | a nonprofit organization that works to improve the image, working conditions, and skill levels of people in particular occupations |
business association | a group organized to promote the collective business interests of an area or group of similar businesses |
trade asscoiation | nonprofit organizations that promote the interests of particular industries |