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AD Art
Basic vocabulary of art
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Line | Path of a point moving through space |
| Vertical line | Included in medieval churches to promote spiritual awe |
| Shape | Two-dimensional area of an object |
| Form | Three-dimensional area of an object |
| Organic shapes | Freeform or irregularly shaped objects |
| Shading and lighting | Used on the contours of a two-dimensional shape to create the illusion of form |
| Aerial and atmospheric perspective | Accounts for air changing the appearance of distant objects |
| Vanishing point | Point in a painting where lines converge and disappear |
| Hue | Name of a color |
| Secondary colors | Colors formed by mixing two of the three primary colors |
| Color wheel | Sir Isaac Newton invented this tool in the seventeenth century to organize colors |
| Value | Lightness or darkness of a color or neutral |
| Neutrals | Black, white, and the grey continuum |
| Intensity | Brightness or purity of a color |
| Relativity | Property that makes one color look different next to another color |
| Optical color | Effects of special light upon colors |
| Actual and visual | Types of texture in art |
| Rhythm | Sense of movement created in an artwork through repetition of elements |
| Motif | Single element of pattern repeated to create rhythm |
| Focal point | Place in a composition where the eye tends to rest |
| Proportion | Size relationship among parts of a composition |
| The human figure | The Classical Greeks used this standard as the measure of all things |
| Paper | Modern artists most often draw upon this common, wood-based surface |
| Charcoal | Drawing medium that is so soft the color of the paper shows through in areas where it is lightly applied |
| Hatching and crosshatching | Shading that uses lines |
| Stippling | Shading that uses a pattern of dots |
| Pastels | Drawing medium that is soft and was popular for portraiture; came into heavy use around 1700s |
| Intaglio printmaking | Printmaking process in which lines are incised into a matrix |
| Lithography | Printmaking process that utilizes the oil-resistant nature of water |
| Screen printing | Printmaking process in which ink is forced through stenciled silk with a squeegee |
| Pigments, binders, and solvents | Materials that combine to make paint |
| Buon fresco | Technique in which paint is applied to wet plaster |
| Impasto | Thickly applied lumpy oil paint |
| Encaustic | Wax-based paint fused with irons to Egyptian grave markers |
| Tempera, watercolor, and gouache | Commonly used types of water-based paints |
| Oil paint and turpentine | Some artists are allergic to these two substances, making acrylic paint important |
| Photography | Development that caused painters to strive for hyper-realism |
| Carving, modeling, casting, and construction | Basic ways of creating sculpture |
| Relief, intaglio, lithographic, and screen prints | Printmaking processes that involve a "matrix" upon which the printed image is initially generated |
| Carving | Bits of the original material are removed; subtractive sculpting |
| Collage | Artwork that consists of a combination of any material that can be stuck to a surface |
| Masks and ceremonial costumes | Traditional artwork that can also be considered mixed media |
| Performance art | Emphasizes a unique, unrepeatable experience |
| Pinching, coiling, slab, and throwing | Types of pottery processes |
| Slip | Liquid clay applied to solid clay pieces to make them stick together |
| Kiln | Special oven used for firing clay pieces |
| Knitting, crocheting, and braiding | Weaving techniques that do not require a loom |
| Silica | Glass is most often made from this material |
| Glassblowing | Vases and bottles formed out of glass through this method |
| Architects | Specialists who design structures and buildings |
| Post-and-lintel construction | A long piece of stone or wood is placed horizontally upon two upright pieces |
| Steel and concrete | Materials favored for urban developments |
Created by:
Cloud926
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