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Blood Circulation
Systemic/Pulmonary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pulmonary Circulation | -Moves blood to and from the lungs -Pulmonary trunk: Arises from right ventricle. -Pulmonary arteries: Branches of pulmonary trunk which project to lungs. Pulmonary veins: Exit each lung and enter left atrium. |
| Systemic Circulation: Arteries | -Aorta-- From which all arteries are derived either directly or indirectly -Parts--- Ascending, descending, thoracic, abdominal Coronary arteries Supply the heart |
| Systemic Circulation: Veins | Return blood from body to right atrium -Major veins= Coronary sinus (heart) Superior vena cava (head, neck, thorax, upper limbs) Inferior vena cava (abdomen, pelvis, lower limbs) -Types of veins= Superficial, deep, sinuses |
| Dynamics of Blood Circulation | Interrelationships between -Pressure -Flow -Resistance -Control mechanisms that regulate blood pressure -Blood flow through vessels |
| Blood Pressure | Measure of force exerted by blood against the wall Blood moves through vessels because of blood pressure --Measured by listening for Korotkoff sounds produced by turbulent flow in arteries as pressure released from blood pressure cuff |
| Pulse Pressure | Difference between systolic and diastolic pressures: --Increases when stroke volume increases or vascular compliance decreases --Pulse pressure can be used to take a pulse to determine heart rate and rhythmicity |
| Blood Flow | -Amount of blood moving through a vessel in a given time period. -Directly proportional to pressure differences, inversely proportional to resistance |
| Poiseuille’s Law | ---Flow decreases when resistance increases ---Flow resistance decreases when vessel diameter increases |
| Viscosity | --Measure of resistance of liquid to flow --As viscosity increases, pressure required to flow increases |
| Critical closing pressure | Pressure at which a blood vessel collapses and blood flow stops |
| Laplace’s Law | Force acting on blood vessel wall is proportional to diameter of the vessel times blood pressure |
| Vascular compliance | Tendency for blood vessel volume to increase as blood pressure increases More easily the vessel wall stretches, the greater its compliance Venous system has a large compliance and acts as a blood reservoir |
Created by:
zeenat
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