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DC1-7
Chapter 7 - Storage
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Measures the amount of time it takes a processor or storage device to read or locate an item in memory or storage. | access time |
| Smallest unit of disk space that stores data and information. See also cluster. | allocation unit |
| CD that stores photos from an online photo center in jpg file format, usually at a maximum resolution of 7200 pixels per photo. | archive disc |
| Duplicate of a file, program, or disk placed on a separate storage medium that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed. | backup |
| High-capacity DVD-recordable format. | BD-R |
| High-capacity rewritable DVD format. | BD-RE |
| Newer, expensive type of DVD with storage capacities of 100 GB, with expectations of exceeding 200 GB in the future. | Blu-Ray Disc-ROM (BD-ROM) |
| Process of writing on an optical disc. | burning |
| Number of bytes a storage medium can hold. | capacity |
| Device that reads and writes data, instructions, and information stored on flash memory cards. | card reader/writer |
| Multisession optical disc on which users can write, but not erase, their own items such as text, graphics, and audio. See also compact disc-recordable. | CD-R |
| Type of optical disc that uses laser technology to store data, instructions, and information that users can read but not write on or erase. See also compact disc read-only memory. | CD-ROM |
| Drive that can read CD-ROM discs and sometimes audio CDs. | CD-ROM drive |
| Erasable multisession optical disc on which users can write data, instructions, and information multiple times. See also compact disc-rewritable. | CD-RW |
| Drive that can read audio CDs, standard CD-ROMs, CD-Rs, CD-RWs, and can write on, or record, CD-RWs. | CD-RW drive |
| Internet service that provides storage to computer users. | cloud storage |
| Smallest unit of disk space that stores data and information. See also allocation unit. | cluster |
| Type of optical disc that uses laser technology to store data, instructions, and information that users can read but not write on or erase. See also CD-ROM. | compact disc read-only memory |
| Multisession optical disc on which users can write, but not erase, their own items such as text, graphics, and audio. See also CD-R. | compact disc-recordable |
| Erasable multisession optical disc on which users can write data, instructions, and information multiple times. See also CD-RW. | compact disc-rewritable |
| Memory card capable of storing between 512 MB and 100 GB of data. | CompactFlash (CF) |
| Device that records images on microfilm and microfiche. | computer output microfilm recorder |
| The vertical section of a hard disk track that passes through all platters. | cylinder |
| Number of bits in an area on a storage medium. | density |
| Extremely high capacity optical disc on which users can read, but not write or erase, that is capable of storing 4.7 GB to 17 GB of data. See also DVD-ROM; digital versatile disc-ROM; digital video disc-ROM; digital video disc read-only memory. | digital versatile disc-read-only memory |
| Extremely high capacity optical disc on which users can read, but not write or erase, that is capable of storing 4.7 GB to 17 GB of data. See also DVD-ROM; digital versatile disc-ROM; digital video disc-ROM. | digital video disc-read-only memory |
| Type of data access in which the storage device can locate a particular data item or file immediately, without having to move consecutively through items stored in front of the desired data item or file. See also random access. | direct access |
| Memory chips on a hard disk that store frequently accessed items such as data, instructions, and information. Sometimes called a buffer. | disk cache |
| Special-purpose chip and electronic circuits that control the transfer of data, instructions, and information between a disk and the system bus and other components in a computer. | disk controller |
| DVD-recordable format with up to 4.7 GB capacity that allows users to write on the disc once and read it many times. | DVD+R |
| Rewritable DVD format with capacities up to 4.7 GB per side. | DVD+RAM (DVD+random access memory) |
| Rewritable DVD format with capacities up to 4.7 GB per side. | DVD+RW |
| DVD-recordable format with up to 4.7 GB capacity that allows users to write on the disc once and read it many times. | DVD-R |
| High-capacity optical disc on which users can read, but not write or erase. See also digital versatile disc-read-only memory and digital video disc-read-only memory. | DVD-ROM |
| Device that can read a DVD-ROM. Most DVD-ROM drives also can read audio CDs, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs, and CD-RWs. | DVD-ROM drive |
| Rewritable DVD format with capacities up to 4.7 GB per side. | DVD-RW |
| Interface that uses parallel signals to transfer data, instructions, and information and can support up to four hard disks at 137 GB per disk. | EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics) |
| Acronym for external SATA; hard disk interface that is much faster than USB and FireWire. | eSATA |
| Removable flash memory device that can be used to add memory, storage, communications, multimedia, and security capabilities to a computer. | ExpressCard module |
| Separate freestanding hard disk that connects with a cable to a USB port or FireWire port on the system unit. | external hard disk |
| Name sometimes given to the hard disk mounted inside a system unit. | fixed disk |
| Term that refers to the size of platters in a hard disk. | form factor |
| Process of dividing a disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk. | formatting |
| Gigabytes per second. | GBps |
| Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information. See also hard disk drive. | hard disk |
| Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information. See also hard disk. | hard disk drive |
| High-density format that potentially will contain up to 20 layers, each with a capacity of 5 GB. | HD VMD (Versatile Multilayer Disc) |
| Type of hard disk failure that occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter. | head crash |
| Protective case that is used to store optical discs when not in use. | jewel box |
| Kilobytes per second. | KBps |
| Technology used by some optical drives that can etch labels directly on a specially coated optical disc, as opposed to placing an adhesive label on the disc. | LightScribe technology |
| Storage technique in which magnetic particles are aligned horizontally around the surface of the disk. | longitudinal recording |
| Credit card, entertainment card, bank card, or other similar card, with a stripe that contains information identifying you and the card. | magnetic stripe card |
| Megabytes per second. | MBps |
| Removable flash memory device, usually no bigger than 1.5" in height or width, that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer. | memory card |
| Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a memory card capable of storing between 1 and 16 GB of data. | Memory Stick |
| Memory card capable of storing between 1 and 16 GB of data. | Memory Stick Micro (M2) |
| A small sheet of film, usually about 4 inches by 6 inches in size, on which microscopic images of documents are stored. | microfiche |
| A roll of film, usually 100 to 215 feet long, on which microscopic images of documents are stored. | microfilm |
| Memory card capable of storing between 1 and 2 GB of data. | microSD |
| Memory card capable of storing between 4 and 16 GB of data. | microSDHC |
| Optical disc with a size of three inches or less used by smaller computers and devices. | mini discs |
| Optical disc that can be written on more than once, allowing users to save additional data on the disc at a later time. | multisession |
| See network attached storage. | NAS |
| Server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage. See also NAS. | network attached storage |
| Type of storage medium that consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written on and read by a laser. | optical disc |
| Storage technique in which magnetic particles are aligned vertically, or perpendicular to the disk's surface, making much greater storage capacities possible. | perpendicular recording |
| Single-session CD-ROM that stores digital versions of film using a jpg file format at a lower resolution, typically 1024 x 1536 pixels. | Picture CD |
| Component of a hard disk that is made of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and is coated with an alloy material that allows items to be recorded magnetically on its surface. | platter |
| Term that refers to smaller external hard disks because they enable users easily to transport photos and other files from one computer to another. | pocket hard drive |
| The capability of a storage medium to be removed from one computer and carried to another computer. | portable |
| Redundant array of independent disks; group of two or more integrated hard disks. | RAID |
| Type of data access in which the storage device can locate a particular data item or file immediately, without having to move consecutively through items stored in front of the desired data item or file. See also direct access. | random access |
| Mechanism in a disk drive that reads items or writes items as it barely touches the disk’s recording surface. | read/write head |
| Process of transferring data, instructions, and information from a storage medium into memory. | reading |
| Hard disk that can be inserted and removed from a drive. | removable hard disk |
| The number of times per minute that a hard disk platter rotates. | revolutions per minute (rpm) |
| Process of copying audio and/or video data from a purchased disc and saving it on digital media. | ripping |
| Newer type of SCSI that uses serial signals to transfer data, instructions, and information. | SAS (serial-attached SCSI) |
| Hard disk interface that uses serial signals to transfer data, instructions, and information and has transfer rates of up to 300 MBps and higher. | SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) |
| Small computer system interface. | SCSI |
| The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information. | secondary storage |
| The small arcs into which tracks on a disk are divided. | sectors |
| Memory card capable of storing between 512 MB and 8 GB of data. | Secure Digital (SD) |
| Memory card capable of storing between 4 and 32 GB of data. | Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC) |
| Type of data access in which the storage device reads or writes data consecutively. | sequential access |
| Disc on which manufacturers write all items at one time. | single-session disc |
| Card, similar in size to a credit card or ATM card, that stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card. | smart card |
| Storage device that typically uses flash memory to store data, instructions, and information. | solid state drive (SSD) |
| Term used to refer to components that consist entirely of electronic components, such as integrated circuits, and contain no moving parts. | solid-state media |
| Location in which data, instructions, and information are held for future use. | storage |
| Hardware used to record (write and/or read) items to and from storage media. | storage device |
| The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information. | storage medium |
| Magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information at a low cost. | tape |
| Small, rectangular, plastic housing for tape. | tape cartridge |
| Device used to read and write data and information on tape. | tape drive |
| Separate cabinet for larger computers in which tape cartridges are mounted. | tape library |
| Flash memory device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device. See also USB flash drive. | thumb drive |
| Narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of a disk. | track |
| The speed at which data, instructions, and information transfer to and from a device. | transfer rate |
| Special type of USB flash drive that includes preinstalled software accessed through a Windows-type interface. | U3 smart drive |
| Universal Media Disc. Mini-DVD used specifically with the PlayStation Portable handheld game console. | UMD |
| Flash memory storage device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device. See also thumb drive. | USB flash drive |
| Process of transferring data, instructions, and information from memory to a storage medium. | writing |
| Memory card capable of storing between 256 MB and 2 GB of data. | xD Picture Card |
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