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urinalysis Ch 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| you should examine a minimum of this number of fields when performing microscopic settlement examination. | 10 |
| A urine specimen maybe referred for a cytodiagnostic testing to detect? | unusual malignant pathological cells |
| scanning the edge of the slide cover ensures that you won't miss these sediment constituents: | the presence of cast |
| all sediment constituents are reported as quantity per high power field except | squamous, mucus, casts |
| the chemical test for glucose may provide significant information regarding the presence of this microscopic element | yeast because yeast eat sugar |
| using polarized microscopy what elements are birefringent (able to reflect) | cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides |
| using standard bright field microscopy high power of magnification is | 40x or 400 |
| low light microscope levels are used to detect | sediment and casts |
| crenated RBC's are associated with | hypersensitive (concentrated) urine |
| dilute alkaline urine may have what elements present microscopically | ghost cells RBCs |
| RBC in urine sediment and symptoms of back pain may indicate? | kidney stones or renal calculi |
| RBCs, yeast, and oil droplets may be differentiated by | adding acidic acid to lysed RBCs, oil is refractile, yeast budding |
| hypo chromic irregular shaped RBC's in urine sediment may indicate | glomerular bleeding |
| what is a glitter cell | neutrophil |
| an increase in urinary WBC's is known as | pyuria |
| urinary sediment containing increase WBCs may also have this element present | bacteria |
| when eosinophils are found in urine it indicates | interstitial nephritis - inflammation of kidney in the space between the tubules |
| what are oval fat bodies | RTE cells containing lipid |
| what type of cell lines the bladder | transitional epithelial cells -flexible |
| when focusing the microscope use this element as a reference point | epithelial cell |
| clue cells are | veriation of the squamous epithelial cell |
| what organism may be found attached to clue cells | gardnerella vaginitis bacteria |
| these cells are found in increased numbers in urine sediment only when kidney damage has occurred | renal tubular epithelial cells |
| bilirubin is most likely to stain this type of cell | renal tubular epithelials cells |
| collection of a mid stream clean catch will eliminate contamination with | squamous cells |
| what element may be found in both a urine sediment and a vaginal wet prep | clue cells |
| the formation of casts are enhanced by | stasis of urine (how long it sits) |
| the major constituent of casts is | Tammy-horsfall protein |
| how are waxy cast different from hyaline cast | hyaline casts have a higher refractive index |
| where are cast formed | distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts |
| the presence of this element can differentiate between upper and lower UTI | WBC casts are formed in the upper track |
| how can you differentiate a bacterial cast from a granular casts | gram-stain |
| broad casts form as a result of | renal failure, urinary stasis, and tubular destruction |
| bleeding in the nephron is associated with this sediment element | RBC cast |
| Urinary stasis results in the formation of these elements | Waxy, Broad, WBC Casts |
| Identification of crystals are based on | solubility and pH |
| Normal acidic urine crystals are | Amorphous urates, uric acid, calcium oxalate |
| Abnormal crystals are found in what type of urine pH | acid urine |
| What information is helpful when identifying crystals | PH and solubility |
| these crystals are found in alkaline urine | Amorphis phosphates, calcium phosphate, triple phosphate, ammonium biurates, calcium carbonate |
| Crystals most often associated with disease are | leucine and tyrosine |
| Refrigeration of urine causes the formation of | amorphous urates, amorphous phosphates |
| Medication crystal formation are most often formed because | of dehydration |
| the significance of bacteria is increased when | Accompanied by WBC's |
| Used may appear in these forms | Buds refractile oval structures or myCelia branched |
| Motility is a key factor in assisting with the identification of | Trichomonas vagionitis |
| Urine artifacts differ from True sediment element by | Larger size and more refractability |
| Mucus may be confused with | Hyline casts |
Created by:
svankirk
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