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BBChapter 14

Armstrong Blood Bank Chap 14

QuestionAnswer
What is Chronic Blood Loss? Large amounts of blood cells/fluids lost in a short amount of time Hemorrhagic shock
What is Acute Blood Loss? Small amounts of blood lost over a long period of time
What is a Massive Transfusion? about 10 units of blood in 24 hours
List affects of massive tranfusion 1. citrate toxicity 2. Hypothermia 3. Micro vascular hemorrhage
What are the problems associated with excessive blood loss following Cardiac surgery? 1. Impaired platelet function 2. increased fibrinolytic activity 3. hypothermia 4.heparin effect 5. vascular defects
What are Transfusion requirements during Cardiac surgery? RBC units typed and crossmatched, FFP thawed and available, Platelet pheresis pack available
What are transfusion issues that are unique to neonates? Increased risk for anemia, hypothermia, and CMV, and latrogenic blood loss and decreased 2,3-DPG less able to metabolize citrate and potassium decreased response to EPO
What are specific requirements for neonate units? Must be ABO compatible, crossmatched against mothers serum for antibodies,must be irradiated, CMV neg, Hgb S neg, and less than 7 days old
What are 3 anemia's requiring transfusion support? Sicke cell, Thalessemia, and immune hemolytic anemia
What is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder? Von Willebrand's
What type of therapy is required for sickle cell and thalessemia patients? Iron chelation
What are 3 types of immune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune, Alloimmune, and Drug induced
What are Transfusion requirements for hemostatic disorders with factor deficiencies? Bleeding disorders are treated with factor concentrates Desmopressin and CRYO used in urgent situations
What are reasons that that someone with chronic renal disease would need a transfusion? elevated uremia, low EPO, dialysis procedure
What is the treatment for HUS and TTP? therapeutic plasma exchange daily for 1-2 weeks
What are transfusion requirements for oncology patients? irradiated blood and HLA matched platelets
What are requirements for HPC transplantation? must be ABO compatible, irradiated, CMV negative can come from bone marrow, peripheral blood, and cord blood
What is therapeutic apheresis? removal of abnormal cells, plasma, or plasma constituents
What are alternatives to transfusions? EPO, CSF, desmopressin, blood derivatives, and volume expanders
Created by: ArmstrongBB14
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