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BBChapter 14
Armstrong Blood Bank Chap 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Chronic Blood Loss? | Large amounts of blood cells/fluids lost in a short amount of time Hemorrhagic shock |
| What is Acute Blood Loss? | Small amounts of blood lost over a long period of time |
| What is a Massive Transfusion? | about 10 units of blood in 24 hours |
| List affects of massive tranfusion | 1. citrate toxicity 2. Hypothermia 3. Micro vascular hemorrhage |
| What are the problems associated with excessive blood loss following Cardiac surgery? | 1. Impaired platelet function 2. increased fibrinolytic activity 3. hypothermia 4.heparin effect 5. vascular defects |
| What are Transfusion requirements during Cardiac surgery? | RBC units typed and crossmatched, FFP thawed and available, Platelet pheresis pack available |
| What are transfusion issues that are unique to neonates? | Increased risk for anemia, hypothermia, and CMV, and latrogenic blood loss and decreased 2,3-DPG less able to metabolize citrate and potassium decreased response to EPO |
| What are specific requirements for neonate units? | Must be ABO compatible, crossmatched against mothers serum for antibodies,must be irradiated, CMV neg, Hgb S neg, and less than 7 days old |
| What are 3 anemia's requiring transfusion support? | Sicke cell, Thalessemia, and immune hemolytic anemia |
| What is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder? | Von Willebrand's |
| What type of therapy is required for sickle cell and thalessemia patients? | Iron chelation |
| What are 3 types of immune hemolytic anemia | Autoimmune, Alloimmune, and Drug induced |
| What are Transfusion requirements for hemostatic disorders with factor deficiencies? | Bleeding disorders are treated with factor concentrates Desmopressin and CRYO used in urgent situations |
| What are reasons that that someone with chronic renal disease would need a transfusion? | elevated uremia, low EPO, dialysis procedure |
| What is the treatment for HUS and TTP? | therapeutic plasma exchange daily for 1-2 weeks |
| What are transfusion requirements for oncology patients? | irradiated blood and HLA matched platelets |
| What are requirements for HPC transplantation? | must be ABO compatible, irradiated, CMV negative can come from bone marrow, peripheral blood, and cord blood |
| What is therapeutic apheresis? | removal of abnormal cells, plasma, or plasma constituents |
| What are alternatives to transfusions? | EPO, CSF, desmopressin, blood derivatives, and volume expanders |
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ArmstrongBB14
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