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Basic Review of Lang
SLD 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Speech | The neuromuscular process that allows humans to express language as a vocal product. |
| Commuication | The ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts or verbal, nonverbal and graphic symbol systems. (ASHA) |
| Language | Language is a rule governed and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication. |
| 5 parameters of language | phonologic, morphologic, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic |
| Name 4 remarkable features of language | universality (all cultures have it), species specificity (it's human), Semanticity (represent things that are intangible, abstract, removed from the present), and Productivity (small number of units combine to produce a large number of utterances) |
| Semantics | Meanings of words and word combinations |
| Morphology | Smallest meaningful unit of language; governs word formation; free vs bound |
| Phonology | Governs sounds we use to make syllables and words; how sounds are organized in words |
| Syntax | Governs sentence structure; helps reveal speaker intent |
| Pragmatics | Governs social use of language; code switching; use of extra-linguistic and paralinguistic aspects of communication |
| The Domains of Language | Bloom's Model: Form (organization of sounds, words and sentences to convey content), Content (semantics, vocabulary), Use (Functional use to meet personal and social needs, topic maintenance, turn-taking, social conventions, nonlinguistic communication) |
| Development: at about 1 year | First word (Clear intention and purpose, recognizable pronunciation, consistent use) |
| Development: 1 year to 18 months | Build lexicon |
| Development: 18 to 24 months | Transition to multi-word utterances |
| Preschool: achievements in content | Lexical development, shift to de-contextualized language |
| Preschool: achievements in form | Acquisition of & refinement of grammatical and derivational morphemes (especially verbs) |
| Preschool: achievements in use | Expansion of language functions, development of turn taking skills, improved narrative skills |
| Development: School Age | Refinement & expansion of vocabulary (multiple meanings, lexical ambiguity, figurative language); refinement of syntax – particularly impt. for writing; development of functional flexibility |
| Metalinguistics | the ability to think and talk about language |
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