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Pituitary gland
Clin Chem Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Endocrine gland defintiion and examples? | Secretes hormones directly into bloodstream---adrenal, pancreas, gonads |
| Exocrine gland definition and examples? | Secretes hormones via ducts to outside of the organ---mammary, salivary, lachrymal and sebaceous |
| LIst polypeptide hormones | ACTH, TSH, FSH, Prl |
| Polypeptide hormone receptors are located where? | Membrane bound |
| List steroid hormones | Cortisol, estradiol, testosterone |
| Where are the steroid hormone receptors located? | Within the cell (cytoplasmic and nuclear) |
| Progesterone receptor is produced in response to ________________. | Estradiol-17B action |
| Aromatic amine examples? | T3 and T4 |
| Aromatic amines function as __________________? | Hormone activated transcription factors |
| Thyroid hormone receptors bind ________ in the absence of hormone, usually leading to transcriptional repression. | DNA |
| The hypothalamic-pituitary axis controls what function? | Neuroendocrine (appetite, sex drive, body temp) |
| What are the hypothalamic hormones? (4) | CRF, TRF, PIF, GnRH |
| Anterior lobe pituitary hormones? (6) | GH, ACTH, TSH, PRL, LH, FSH |
| Posterior lobe pituitary hormones? (2) | ADH, Oxytocin |
| Thirst and ADH secretion is stimulated by _____________ | Increased blood osmolality |
| 1-2% increase in plasma osmolality causes a _____________ increase in ADH production | 4 fold |
| Increases serum osmolality can indicate (6) | dehydration, alcohol intoxication, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, uremia, diabetes mellitus |
| Diabetes insipidus is caused by ____________? | Decreased ADH |
| Anterior pituitary hypo-function | Complete or partial loss of pituitary function |
| Anterior pituitary hypo-function causes (3) | 1) lesion in hypothalamus 2)pituitary adenoma: panhypopituitarism 3)postpartum necrosis: sheehan's syndrome |
| Hyper-pituitary function causes (3) | 1)pituitary adenoma 2) loss of hypothalamic factors 3)hypo secretion by target organs |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone is responsible for _________ | cortisol stimulation |
| Increased ACTH is similar to what syndrome and why? | Cushing's syndrom. Acth stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to produce cortisol |
| Decreased ACTH is similar to what syndrome and why? | Addison's disease. ACTH deficiency |
| What are physical symptoms of Cushing's? | Abdominal obesity and buffalo hump |
| What is a physical symptom of Addison's disease? | Hyperpigmentation |
| What does a normal ACTH stimulation test look like? | Plasma cortisol should increase with time |
| What does a person's ACTH stimulation test look like that has a primary adrenal insufficiency? | The plasma cortisol level will not increase |
Created by:
aenewsom
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